Abstract：Objective To analyze the trends of incidence and mortality of pediatric leukemia in Chongqing Municipality, and to provide suggestions for pediatric prevention and treatment. Methods Death cases of pediatric leukemia aged between 0 and 14 years in Chongqing Municipality from 2013 to 2018 were collected from cancer registry sites in Chongqing. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the incidence rate, age-specific incidence rate, mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate and annual percent change (APC). Chi-square test was applied to comparing the differences in the incidence and mortality rates of pediatric leukemia between males and females as well as between urban and rural areas. The trends of the incidence and mortality rates were analyzed by APC. Results The incidence rate of pediatric leukemia in Chongqing Municipality decreased from 4.37/100,000 in 2013 to 1.98/100,000 in 2018, and the APC was -13.41%, without a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=2.50, P=0.067). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence rates of pediatric leukemia in different years between males and females (P>0.05). The incidence rate of pediatric leukemia in female children decreased by 10.24% annually (t=2.91, P<0.05), with a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=2.91, P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence rates of pediatric leukemia in different years between urban and rural areas (P>0.05). The incidence rate of pediatric leukemia in rural area decreased by 16.64% annually, showing a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=3.31, P<0.05). The mortality rate of pediatric leukemia in Chongqing Municipality decreased from 1.91/100,000 in 2013 to 1.50/100,000 in 2018, and the APC was -7.32%, without a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=2.69, P=0.055). There were no statistically significant differences in the mortality rates of pediatric leukemia in differentyears between males and females (P>0.05). The mortality rate of leukemia in male children decreased by 6.20% annually, with a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=2.87, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the mortality rates of pediatric leukemia in different years between urban and rural areas (P>0.05). The incidence and mortality of pediatric leukemia were found in each age group, of which the incidence rate of pediatric leukemia in the group aged 5-9 years decreased by 16.72% annually, with a statistically significant difference in the changing trend (t=2.84, P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence and mortality rates of pediatric leukemia in Chongqing Municipality were high. The incidence rates of pediatric leukemia in female children and rural children decreased obviously. Special attention should be paid to pediatric leukemia prevention and treatment.
2021, Vol. 28 
