Factors influencing the changes of chromosome and micronucleus among workers exposed to different occupational radiation environments
LAI Zhuan-hua1,2, ZHUANG Gui-hua3, WU Yong-ping1,2, ZHANG Ke-jian1,2, YANG Hai-feng1,2
1. Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, Shaanxi 721006, China; 2. Baoji Institute of Preventive Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Baoji, Shaanxi 721006, China;
3. School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 721061, China
Abstract：Objective To explore the risk factors of chromosome aberration and micronucleus changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers exposed to different occupational radiation environments so as to provide a basis for evaluating the health status of workers exposed to different occupational radiation environments.Methods We collected the data regarding general demography, length of service, occupational radiation exposure environment, and the changes of chromosome and micronucleus of 372 workers exposed to occupational radiation (including 139 workers exposed to medical X-ray, 106 exposed to industrial flaw detection, 95 exposed to coiling in cigarette factory , and 32 exposed to industrial isotope) in Baoji City in 2012. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analyses.Results There were statistically significant differences in the micronucleus rate among occupational radiation exposure workers with different ages (P<0.05), in the acentric fragment aberration rate, chromosome pattern aberration rate, total chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate among workers with different length of service (P<0.01), and in the acentric fragment aberration rate and the chromosome pattern aberration rate among workers exposed to different occupational radiation environments (P<0.05). Age and working years with professional radiation were the risk factors for the occurrence of acentric fragment aberration(OR=1.064, 95%CI:1.018-1.112), chromosome pattern aberration(OR=1.064, 95%CI:1.021-1.108), the total chromosome aberration (OR=1.038, 95%CI:1.006-1.071) and micronucleus in peripheral blood lymphocytes (OR=1.064, 95%CI:1.037-1.091), and all the above-mentioned risks increased with the increasing age and length of radioactive service. Exposure to coiling in cigarette factory was the risk factor for the occurrence of chromosome pattern aberration, chromatid aberration and the total chromosome aberration (P<0.05). The risk ratios of occurring acentric fragment aberration, chromosome pattern aberration, chromatid aberration and the total chromosome aberration in the tobacco factory group were respectively 3.679 times(95%CI:1.310-10.335), 3.637 times(95%CI:1.405-9.413), 3.649 times(95%CI:1.488-8.951) and 3.794 times(95%CI:1.795-8.017)those of the medical X-ray group. The annual average effective exposure dose was not relevant to the changes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the workers exposed to occupational radiation.Conclusions Occupational radiation exposure environment has certain effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes of the exposed workers. Age and length of radioactive service are also associated with the changes of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Compared with other occupational exposure categories, exposure to coiling in cigarette factory is a major risk factor for the changes of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
赖专华, 庄贵华, 武永平, 张克俭, 杨海峰. 不同职业放射暴露环境工作人员染色体和微核发生变化的影响因素分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(7): 827-831.
LAI Zhuan-hua, ZHUANG Gui-hua, WU Yong-ping, ZHANG Ke-jian, YANG Hai-feng. Factors influencing the changes of chromosome and micronucleus among workers exposed to different occupational radiation environments. , 2019, 26(7): 827-831.
2019, Vol. 26 
