Abstract：Objective To explore the relationship between air pollution and disease occurrence in primary school students, and to quantitatively evaluate the impact of air pollution related indicators on disease occurrence among pupils.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a heavy-polluted district, a slight-polluted district and a rural control district in Chengdu City in 2017. Pupils in grades 3-5 were recruited by cluster random sampling, and then questionnaires were used to investigate the factors influencing health and disease occurrence. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influential factors. Results Single factor analysis showed that the effect of PM2.5 concentration on disease occurrence was the strongest in lagged 0 day. Single factor analysis and multi-factor analysis revealed that elder age, higher level of PM2.5 concentration in lagged 0 day, having present disease, having a past medical history, having a family medical history, having an allergic history, having passive smoking and using other type of fuel were risk factors for the occurrence of disease, while having air purifier and longer distance from home to the main road were protective factors for the occurrence of disease. Multi-factor analysis indicated that the risk of suffering from disease in haze weather increased by 1.156 times (OR=1.156,95%CI: 1.109-1.205) with every 1 year increase in age, and the risk of suffering from disease increased by 1.353 times (OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.279-1.431) with every 1 level increase in PM2.5 concentration grading. Pupils with present disease were 1.487 times (OR=1.487, 95%CI: 1.282-1.725) more likely to suffer from disease than those without present disease. Pupils with a past medical history were 1.197 times (OR=1.197, 95%CI: 1.026-1.395) more likely to suffer from disease than those without a past medical history. Pupils with a family medical history were 1.160 times (OR=1.160, 95%CI: 1.044-1.288) more likely to suffer from disease than those without a family medical history. Pupils with an allergic history were 1.592 times (OR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.404-1.805) more likely to suffer from disease than those without an allergic history. Passive smokers were 1.144 times (OR=1.144, 95%CI: 1.095-1.196) more likely to suffer from disease than non-passive smokers. Pupils with other type of fuel were 2.008 times (OR=2.008, 95%CI: 1.530-2.635) more likely to suffer from disease than those with electric power. Pupils with air purifier were 83.7% (OR=0.837, 95%CI: 0.724-0.967) less likely to suffer from disease than those without air purifier. Pupils living far from the main road were 86.6% (OR=0.866, 95%CI: 0.805-0.933) less likely to suffer from disease than those living near to the main road.Conclusions Air pollution in Chengdu City is an important factor affecting the occurrence of disease in primary school students. Controlling PM2.5 concentration, using air purifiers, avoiding or reducing passive smoking, rational selection of fuel types, and living far from the main road are conducive to reducing the occurrence of disease. It is also recommended that pupils with a current medical history, a past medical history, a family history, and an allergic history should pay more attention to reducing outdoor activities during fog and haze weather.
郭正梅, 刘艳, 高绪芳, 鹿茸, 杜楠, 孙婧雯. 成都市雾霾天气小学生疾病发生现状及影响因素分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(7): 785-790.
GUO Zheng-mei, LIU Yan, GAO Xu-fang, LU Rong, DU Nan, SUN Jing-wen. Prevalence and influential factors of disease among pupils in the fog and haze weather in Chengdu City. , 2019, 26(7): 785-790.
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2019, Vol. 26 
