职业性镉接触人群泌尿、血液、呼吸系统相关指标的变化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2016.09.040

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摘要目的分析职业性镉接触人群泌尿、血液、呼吸系统相关指标的变化。方法比较某镍镉电池厂镉接触人群(n=100)与无镉接触对照人群(n=81)尿镉、尿β₂-微球蛋白、血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、血小板、FEV₁/FVC(第1 s用力呼气容积/用力肺活量)的差异。结果该厂工人作业环境中镉浓度超过国家标准。接触组尿镉超标率(25%, 25/100)显著高于对照组(2.47%, 2/81)(P<0.001),尿镉、β₂-微球蛋白水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血红蛋白显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。接触组和对照组之间红细胞、白细胞、血小板、FEV₁/FVC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论镍镉电池厂镉接触会使尿镉、β₂-微球蛋白值增加,并导致贫血。

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	陈贵梅
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	潘小元
	郭辛鑫
	曾怀才

关键词 ：镉接触, 尿镉, β₂-微球蛋白, 血红蛋白, 呼吸系统

Abstract：Objective To analyze the changes of related indexes of urinary, blood and respiratory systems in the group occupationally exposed to cadmium.Methods The concentrations of urinary cadmium, β₂-microglobulin (β₂-MG), hemoglobulin (HB), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were compared between the occupationally cadmium-exposed group (n=100) and the non-cadmium-exposed group (control group, n=81) in a nickel-cadmium battery factory. Results The concentration of cadmium in the workplace of the factory exceeded the national standard. The exceeding standard rate of urinary cadmium of the occupationally cadmium-exposed group (25%, 25/100)was higher than that of the control group (2.47%, 2/81; P<0.001). The levels of urinary cadmium and β₂-MG were significantly higher in the occupationally cadmium-exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05), while the level of HBC was significantly lower in the occupationally cadmium-exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of RBC, WBC, PLT and FEV/FVC between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Cadmium exposure in the nickel-cadmium battery factory can induce the increase of urinary cadmium and β₂-MG as well as anemia.

Key words： Cadmium exposure Urinary cadmium β₂- microglobulin Hemoglobin Respiratory system

收稿日期: 2016-05-07

R135

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(81273026);湖南省自然科学基金(12JJ3098);湖南省卫计委科研基金(B2011-044)

通讯作者: 曾怀才, E-mail:zenghuaicai@126.com。

作者简介: 陈贵梅(1990－),女,在读硕士,主要从事环境污染物的健康效应研究。

引用本文:

陈贵梅, 伍永勤, 李湘珠, 潘小元, 郭辛鑫, 曾怀才. 职业性镉接触人群泌尿、血液、呼吸系统相关指标的变化[J]. 实用预防医学, 2016, 23(9): 1147-1149. CHEN Gui-mei, WU Yong-qin, LI Xiang-zhu, PAN Xiao-yuan, GUO Xin-xin, ZENG Huai-cai. Changes of related indexes of urinary, blood and respiratory systemsin occupationally cadmium-exposed group. , 2016, 23(9): 1147-1149.

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