Epidemic characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hengyang City, 2017-2021
YAN Shu-wu1, LIU Jun1, REN Qiong1, LONG Ling-yu1, PENG Jin-yu2
1. Hengyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; 2. Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of newly reported cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Hengyang City from 2017 to 2021 so as to provide references for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods We downloaded the information regarding newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hengyang City during 2017-2021 from the China Information System for Diseases Prevention and Control, and SPSS 18.0 software was applied to statistical analysis. Results A total of 3,300 HIV/AIDS cases in Hengyang City in 2017-2021 were newly reported, and the proportion of male patients was 74.94%. The average annual new reporting rate of the population was 0.99/10,000. The new reporting rate changed in the five-year period, rising from 0.88/10,000 in 2017 to 1.10/10,000 in 2019, and then falling to 0.95/10,000 in 2021. The main route of transmission was sexual contact (96.82%), of which heterosexual transmission was 84.82% and homosexual transmission 12.00%. The proportion of farmers and migrant workers was relatively high, which increased from 52.20% in 2017 to 61.55% in 2021. The positive samples mainly came from medical institutions (63.88%) and voluntary counseling (26.12%). The sources detected by medical institutions showed an increasing trend year by year, and the proportion increased from 57.29% in 2017 to 65.98% in 2021. The late detection rate was 39.58%. The number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 60 years and above increased year by year, and the proportion increased from 30.00% in 2017 to 41.61% in 2021, which was mainly detected by medical institutions. Among them, the proportion of male cases was 77.65%. For most male cases with heterosexual transmission, they were infected through non-marital heterosexual contact. Conclusion The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Hengyang City in 2017-2021 was generally in a low epidemic state. Most newly reported HIV/AIDS cases were infected through heterosexual transmission. Farmers and migrant workers were in the majority. The proportion of older males aged 60 years and above was growing rapidly. Targeted comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS so as to decline the risk of transmission and contain the spread of HIV/AIDS.
2023, Vol. 30 
