Correlation of serum IL-1β and IL-8 expression levels with serum reagin titer in patients with syphilis
DENG Yi1, LEI Ming1, WU Xue-feng1, ZHAO Fei-jun2
1. The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan 415003, China; 2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogen Prevention and Control, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between the expression levels of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) andinterleukin-8 (IL-8) and serum reagin titer in patients with syphilis at different clinical stages. Methods Serum samples were collected from 40 physical examinees and 120 patients with syphilis (who were divided into the primary syphilis group, the secondary syphilis group and the latent syphilis group). The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) was used to test serum reagin titers of the syphilis patients. According to the TRUST titers, the syphilis patients were separated into the high titer group and the low titer group, and the differences in the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-8 between the groups were compared. Results The expression levels of serum IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly different among the groups (P<0.05), of which serum IL-1β (15.10 (10.63,19.16)) pg/ml and IL-8 (108.67 (69.96, 139.79)) pg/ml were significantly higher in the secondary syphilis group than in the primary syphilis group, the latent syphilis group and the normal group. Serum IL-8 (86.03(62.25,144.94)) pg/ml was significantly higher in the high titer group than in the low titer group (57.21(52.16, 86.13)) pg/ml, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in IL-1β between the high titer group (11.12 (7.18, 15.96) pg/ml) and the low titer group (8.43 (6.93, 14.05) pg/ml) (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum IL-8 level and reagin titer in patients with secondary syphilis (r=0.625, P<0.05). Conclusion Serum IL-1β and IL-8 were expressed at high levels in patients with primary, secondary and latent syphilis, and there was a certain correlation between changes in serum levels of IL-1β and IL-8 expression and the disease progression of syphilis.
[1] Smolak A, Rowley J, Nagelkerke N, et al.Trends and predictors of syphilis prevalence in the general population: global pooled analyses of 1103 prevalence measures including 136 million syphilis tests[J].Clin Infect Dis, 2018, 66(8):1184-1191. [2] 张静航,高守芝,陈曦,等.2010—2020年湖南省梅毒时空分布特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2022,29(12):1469-1472. [3] Peeling RW,Hook ER.The pathogenesis of syphilis: the great mimicker, revisited[J].J Pathol,2006,208(2):224-232. [4] Singh AE,Romanowski B.Syphilis: review with emphasis on clinical, epidemiologic, and some biologic features[J].Clin Microbiol Rev,1999,12(2):187-209. [5] Luo X,Zhang X,Zhao T,et al.A preliminary study on the proinflammatory mechanisms of Treponema pallidum outer membrane protein Tp92 in human macrophages and HMEC-1 cells[J].Microb Pathog,2017,110:176-183. [6] Li W, Zhou X, Cai J, et al.Recombinant Treponema pallidum protein Tp0768 promotes proinflammatory cytokine secretion of macrophages through ER stress and ROS/NF-kB pathway[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2021,105(1):353-366. [7] 张跃军,蒋传好,刘良专,等.梅毒螺旋体膜蛋白Tp0971经TLR2/NF-κB诱导巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子[J].中国免疫学杂志,2017,33(5):668-672. [8] Leon LR.Invited review: cytokine regulation of fever: studies using gene knockout mice[J].J Appl Physiol (1985),2002,92(6):2648-2655. [9] Taylor AL, Llewelyn MJ.Superantigen-induced proliferation of human CD4+CD25- T cells is followed by a switch to a functional regulatory phenotype[J].J Immunol,2010,185(11):6591-6598. [10] Sewgobind VD, van der Laan LJ, Kho MM, et al.Characterization of rabbit antithymocyte globulins-induced CD25+ regulatory T cells from cells of patients with end-stage renal disease[J].Transplantation,2010,89(6):655-666. [11] Zhu A, Han H, Zhao H, et al.Increased frequencies of Th17 and Th22 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with secondary syphilis[J].FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol,2012,66(3):299-306. [12] Acosta-Rodriguez EV,Napolitani G,Lanzavecchia A,et al.Interleukins 1beta and 6 but not transforming growth factor-beta are essential for the differentiation of interleukin 17-producing human T helper cells[J].Nat Immunol,2007,8(9):942-949. [13] Kryczek I, Wei S, Vatan L, et al.Cutting edge: opposite effects of IL-1 and IL-2 on the regulation of IL-17+ T cell pool IL-1 subverts IL-2-mediated suppression[J].J Immunol,2007,179(3):1423-1426. [14] Andrei C, Margiocco P, Poggi A, et al.Phospholipases C and A2 control lysosome-mediated IL-1 beta secretion: implications for inflammatory processes[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2004,101(26):9745-9750. [15] Lin LR,Liu W,Zhu XZ,et al.Treponema pallidum promotes macrophage polarization and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to induce interleukin-1beta production[J].BMC Immunol,2018,19(1):28. [16] Weiss N, Deboux C, Chaverot N, et al.IL8 and CXCL13 are potent chemokines for the recruitment of human neural precursor cells across brain endothelial cells[J].J Neuroimmunol,2010,223(1-2):131-134. [17] Patil RH, Naveen KM, Kiran KK, et al.Dexamethasone inhibits inflammatory response via down regulation of AP-1 transcription factor in human lung epithelial cells[J].Gene,2018,645:85-94. [18] Hao C,Wu B,Hou Z, et al.Asiatic acid inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts[J]. Int Immunopharmacol,2017,50:313-318. [19] Luo X, Zhang X, Gan L, et al.The outer membrane protein Tp92 of Treponema pallidum induces human mononuclear cell death and IL-8 secretion[J].J Cell Mol Med,2018,22(12):6039-6054. [20] Xu BF, Wang QQ, Zhang JP, et al.Treponema pallidum induces the activation of endothelial cells via macrophage-derived exosomes[J].Arch Dermatol Res,2019,311(2):121-130. [21] 刘小军,张跃军,吴移谋,等.梅毒螺旋体重组蛋白Tp0663前炎症活性的研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2013,23(28):15-19. [22] El-Shafaey ES,Ateya A, Ramadan H,et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL8 and TLR4 genes as candidates for digital dermatitis resistance/susceptibility in Holstein cattle [J].Anim Biotechnol,2017,28(2):131-137.