Relationship of family cohesion and adaptability with subthreshold autistic traits in preschool children
MOU Jin-song, ZHOU Hai-shan, FENG Zhan-gui, HUANG Shi-ya, WANG Yu-dong
Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Pingshan District, Shenzhen/Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China
Abstract:Objective To explore the relation of family cohesion and adaptability with subthreshold autistic traits inpreschoolers, and to provide a scientific basis for reducing the prevalence of autistic traits. Methods From November 1 to December 31 in 2021, kindergarten children in Pingshan District were recruited. Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale and Social Communication Questionnaire were used to investigate the preschoolers’ family cohesion, adaptability and subthreshold autistic traits. Stata 16.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data. Results The detection rate of subthreshold autistic traits in the preschoolers was 6.73% (1,507/22,407). The detection rates of subthreshold autistic traits in children from entanglement, intimate, free and loose families were 3.68%, 8.35%, 14.44% and 13.22%, respectively. The detection rates of subthreshold autistic traits in children from irregular, flexible, regular and rigid families were 5.68%, 4.41%, 5.68% and 11.63%, respectively. Multivariate analysis found that the risk of subthreshold autistic traits was relatively lower in children from intimate and entanglement families (OR=0.62, 95%CI:0.50-0.77; OR=0.27, 95%CI:0.22-0.33). As for family adaptability, there was a lower risk of subthreshold autistic traits for children from flexible family (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.64-0.91), while there was a higher risk of subthreshold autistic traits for children from stiffness type family (OR=2.07, 95%CI:1.77-2.42). Conclusion Family cohesion and adaptability are closely related to the occurrence of subthreshold autistic traits in the preschool children. Special attention should be paid to the important role of family environment in the early psychological development of children.
[1] Lord C, Elsabbagh M, Baird G, et al. Autism spectrum disorder[J]. Lancet, 2018, 392(10146):508-520. [2] Constantino JN, Todd RD. Intergenerational transmission of subthreshold autistic traits in the general population[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2005, 57(6):655-660. [3] 汪燕妮,薛红丽,陈倩.家庭亲密度和适应性对学龄前儿童行为问题的影响[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2016,18(5):421-425. [4] 钱晟,徐勇,颜博秋,等.家庭养育环境与儿童孤独症特质的关系[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2020,28(1):82-85. [5] 潘燕燕.婴儿家庭养育环境与智能发育的相关性研究[J].全科医学临床与教育,2019,17(6):559-561. [6] 汪向东,王希林,马宏. 心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M]. 北京:中国心理卫生杂志社, 1999:1-10. [7] Lund E. Social Communication Questionnaire[M]. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,2013:1-10. [8] Wang F, Lu L , Wang SB, et al. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in China: a comprehensive meta-analysis[J]. Int J Biol Sci, 2018, 14(7):717-725. [9] 曹春红,何玉莹,郭凤宜,等.西安市城区托幼机构孤独症谱系障碍儿童现患率调查[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2021,36(1):50-53. [10] 丁宁,徐慧,沈棫华,等.芜湖市学龄前儿童孤独症谱系障碍患病现状及影响因素研究[J].华南预防医学,2021,47(11):1384-1387. [11] 王素珍,史佳欣,史文彦.濮阳市农村学龄前留守儿童行为问题及其影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2022,29(4):483-486. [12] 胡敏,静进,金宇,等.广州市黄埔区学龄前儿童行为问题及影响因素的横断面调查[J].中国循证儿科杂志,2012,7(1):11-18. [13] Drake KL,Ginsburg GS. Family factors in the development, treatment, and prevention of childhood anxiety disorders[J]. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev, 2012, 15(2):144-162.