2016—2020年滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件监测分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2022.05.015

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摘要目的分析滨州市2016—2020年食源性疾病暴发事件发生的流行病学特征,为发现食源性疾病的预警和防控提供理论依据。方法收集食源性疾病暴发监测系统中2016—2020年滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件数据,并对监测到的事件进行描述性流行病学特征分析。结果 2016—2020年滨州市共发生食源性疾病暴发事件234起,共暴露11 299人,发病1 276人,无死亡病例。食源性疾病暴发事件每年的发生高峰期均为第三季度,占总起数的55.13% (129/234);家庭是食源性疾病暴发的主要发生场所,占总起数的50.43% (118/234)。报告明确或可疑致病因素的55起事件中由有毒动植物及其毒素类引起的占43.64%(24/55);在查明原因食品的221起事件中,可以明确的暴露食品主要归为动物类食品87起(39.37%)。导致暴发的污染环节多是由两种或三种以上因素混合引起的,单纯引发因素以加工不当为主。结论滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件集中在夏秋季节,高发场所为家庭,重点防控因素为有毒动植物及其毒素类。针对本市食源性疾病暴发流行病学特征,针对性地开展食品安全知识宣教工作,提高监测预警能力,降低食源性疾病事件的发生。

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	聂勇光
	刘风仙

关键词 ：食源性疾病, 暴发, 监测

Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Binzhou City from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a theoretical basis for early warning, prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods We collected the data about food-borne disease outbreaks during 2016-2020 from surveillance system for foodborne disease outbreaks, and then descriptively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of the foodborne disease outbreaks. Results A total of 234 foodborne disease outbreaks occurred in Binzhou City during 2016-2020, involving 11,299 exposed persons and 1,276 illness cases. No death case was found. The peak incidence of the foodborne disease outbreaks occurred in the third quarter of each year, accounting for 55.13% of the total outbreaks (129/234). Most of the outbreaks occurred at home, accounting for 50.43% of the total outbreaks (118/234). Among 55 outbreaks with a single confirmed or suspected etiologic agent, 43.64% (24/55) outbreaks were caused by poisonous animals and plants and their toxins. Among 221 outbreaks with identified cause foods, 87 (39.37%) outbreaks were induced by animal food. The pollution links leading to the outbreaks were mostly caused by the mixing of two or more factors, and the simple factors were mainly due to improper processing. Conclusion The foodborne disease outbreaks in Binzhou City were mainly concentrated in summer and autumn seasons, and most of the outbreaks occurred at home. The key factors for prevention and control are poisonous plants and animals and their toxins. We should conduct publicity and education concerning food safety knowledge according to the epidemiological characteristics of the foodborne disease outbreaks in Binzhou City, improve the capability of surveillance and early warning, and reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases outbreak.

Key words： foodborne disease outbreak surveillance

收稿日期: 2021-06-16

R155.3

引用本文:

聂勇光, 刘风仙. 2016—2020年滨州市食源性疾病暴发事件监测分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2022, 29(5): 578-581. NIE Yong-guang, LIU Feng-xian. Surveillance of foodborne disease outbreaks in Binzhou City, 2016-2020. , 2022, 29(5): 578-581.

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