Abstract：Objective To explore the risk factors related to death cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on the data in Jingzhou City, and to provide relevant evidence for clinical treatment and prognosis assessment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 1,580 cases of COVID-19 in Jingzhou City, and then all the cases were divided into the survival group (n=1,528) and the death group (n=52) according to the patients' outcomes. We collected and compared the general information, clinical data, exposure history and other related data of the two groups. The indicators with statistical differences were further analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. We compared the partial indexes of blood routine testing between the two groups, and analyzed the clinical significance of the indexes with statistical differences in the evaluation of patients' prognoses by ROC curve value. Results Single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age (χ2=78.603, P<0.001), clinical severity (χ2=173.994, P<0.001), history of disease (χ2=29.644, P<0.001), history of hypertension (χ2=31.143, P<0.001), history of diabetes (χ2=6.218, P=0.013), history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (χ2=12.737, P<0.001), and whether having shortness of breath symptoms at hospital admission (χ2=5.889, P=0.015) between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that 60 years of age and above (OR=8.913, 95%CI: 4.481-17.730), history of hypertension (OR=2.004, 95%CI: 1.084-3.708) and having shortness of breath symptoms at hospital admission (OR=2.302, 95%CI: 1.016-5.216) had significant effects on the death of the COVID-19 patients (P<0.05). The number of lymphocytes and the percentage of lymphocytes were lower in the death group than in the survival group, while the percentage of neutrophils was higher in the death group than in the survival group (P<0.05). The results of the ROC curve displayed that the AUCs of lymphocyte number, lymphocyte percentage and neutrophil percentage in evaluating the prognoses of the COVID-19 patients were 0.752, 0.745 and 0.760, respectively. Conclusion Sixty years of age and above, history of hypertension and having shortness of breath symptoms at hospital admission are risk factors affecting the death of the COVID-19 patients. Changes in the number of lymphocytes, the percentage of lymphocytes and the percentage of neutrophils can assist in assessing the prognoses of patients with COVID-19.
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2021, Vol. 28 
