Cohort study on incidence of activities of daily living disability and its influencing factors among the elderly from sampling sites in Hubei Province, 2015-2018
CHEN Yu-xing1, ZHOU Fang1, WANG Zhi-hui2, LI Jing3, LI Mei-hua4
1. Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China; 2. National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; 3. Jingmen Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jingmen, Hubei 448001, China; 4. Dongbao District Health Bureau, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, China
Abstract:Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of activities of daily living (ADL) disability among the elderly from sampling sites, including Dongbao District of Jingmen City and Qichun County of Huanggang City in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2018. Methods In 2015, a total of 4,041 study subjects were selected through a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling in 2 representative sites and joint baseline survey. The follow-up was conducted in 2018 to collect the related information using the same questionnaires and examinations. Finally, 2,927 senior citizens aged 60 years and above were included in this analysis after excluding those who were defined as ADL disability at the baseline survey, died, failed to follow up during the 3-year period or had incomplete data cases, and questionnaire surveys, physical measurements and daily life activities ability evaluation were conducted. Single factor χ2 test and multiple factor logistic regression model were employed to analyze the factorsinfluencing ADL disability. Results During the 3-year follow up, the incidence rates of ADL, BADL and only IADL disability in the elderly from the sampling sites in Hubei Province were 5.47%, 1.91% and 3.55%, respectively. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for ADL disability in the elderly included increased age (70-79 years old OR=1.784, 95%CI: 1.208-2.634; ≥ 80 years old OR=3.124, 95%CI: 1.859-5.25), poor self-rated health (OR=3.201, 95%CI: 1.805-5.678), sense of family encumbrance (OR=3.532, 95%CI: 2.01-6.205),impaired hearing (OR=4.787, 95%CI:1.978-11.588), stroke (OR=3.571, 95%CI: 2.00-6.377) and falls 3 times or more within a year (OR=6.226, 95%CI: 1.333-29.072). The protective factors for ADL disability included city dwellers (OR=0.418, 95%CI: 0.272-0.64), literates (OR=0.546, 95%CI: 0.368-0.809) and liking to participate in social activities (OR=0.417, 95%CI: 0.293-0.593). Among the rates of 14 functional impairments, going to the toilet (2.25%) ranked first for BADL functional impairment, and managing finance (3.59%) ranked first for IADL functional impairment. The damage rates of all IADL functions except taking medicine were higher than those of BADL function. Conclusion To improve the activities of daily living ability of the elderly, we should pay special attention to senior citizens who live in rural areas, are advanced in age, are illiterate, have poor self-rated health, are conscious of family encumbrance, dislike social interaction, suffer from hearing impairment and stroke and fall many times within a year. It is recommended to take targeted prevention and control measures as soon as possible so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
陈宇星, 周芳, 王志会, 李静, 李梅华. 2015—2018年湖北省抽样点老年人日常生活活动能力受损发生情况及其影响因素队列研究[J]. 实用预防医学, 2021, 28(8): 901-905.
CHEN Yu-xing, ZHOU Fang, WANG Zhi-hui, LI Jing, LI Mei-hua. Cohort study on incidence of activities of daily living disability and its influencing factors among the elderly from sampling sites in Hubei Province, 2015-2018. , 2021, 28(8): 901-905.