Gender differences in factors influencing high blood pressure among childrenenrolled in junior middle schools in Yuelu District, Changsha City
XIE Ming1, YANG Yi-de1,2, HUANG Shu-zhen1, ZHOU Mei-ling1, LU Wan-ying1, ZHONG Su-ye1, LIU Ying-ming1, ZHENG Chan-juan1,2, LIU Huan3, LI Da-te3, ZHU Yu-lian4
1. Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China;
2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China;
3. Lugu Street Community Health Service Center of Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China;
4. Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
Abstract:Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of high blood pressure among children enrolled in junior middle schools in Yuelu District, Changsha City, and to explore the factors influencing high blood pressure as well as gender differences in different factors. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 1,019 children undergoing physical examination for school entrance from three junior middle schools in Yuelu District of Changsha City from July to August, 2019. All of them served as the surveyed subjects to take part in physical examination and questionnaire survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing high blood pressure and their gender differences. Results Among 1,012 subjects with complete blood pressure data, there were 257 participants with high blood pressure, with the detection rate of 25.40%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors related to the children’s high blood pressure were overweight or obesity (OR=2.360), physical exercise time at school ≥ 2 hours (OR=1.735) and overeating fried and sweet food (OR=1.470), which were all the risk factors for high blood pressure. Among these factors, factors affecting high blood pressure in male children were overweight or obesity (OR=1.797) and spending too much time for playing video games per day (OR=1.711), while factors affecting high blood pressure in female children were overweight or obesity (OR=4.307), eating fried and sweet food(OR=2.884) and physical exercise time at school ≥ 2 hours (OR=3.093). Conclusion There are obvious genderdifferences in factors influencing the children’s high blood pressure. The increment of overweight or obesity is the risk factor for occurring high blood pressure in both male and female children. Spending too much time for playing video games per day is the male-specific risk factor, whereas overeating fried and sweet food and physical exercise time at school ≥ 2 hours are the female-specific risk factors. The results suggest that gender-specific prevention and control measures against high blood pressure should be taken among the children.
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