新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间一线医务人员认知行为及心理卫生调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2021.02.010

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摘要目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情期间一线医务人员对该病的认知行为及心理卫生状况,为开展医务人员教育培训和制定心理危机干预方案提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,选取珠海市3家新冠肺炎定点收治医院的抗疫一线医务人员522名为调查对象,使用一般资料问卷、新冠肺炎认知行为量表、焦虑自评(SAS)量表进行线上匿名自填问卷调查,采用logistic回归模型分析影响抗疫一线医务人员心理卫生状况的因素。结果一线医务人员新冠肺炎相关知识、对待新冠肺炎及患者的态度、采取的预防行为均分分别为(10.33±1.19)分、(13.26±1.63)分、(24.69±2.32)分。医务人员SAS标准得分为(41.87±6.78)分,焦虑检出率为11.10%,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、工作年限、对待新冠肺炎及患者的态度对一线医务人员发生焦虑的影响差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。logistic多因素回归分析发现,文化程度、工作岗位、对待新冠肺炎及患者的态度和采取的预防行为是影响焦虑的独立因素,学历为本科(OR=0.32,95%CI:0.15～0.70)、对待新冠肺炎及患者的态度评分越高(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.59～0.97)是一线医务人员发生焦虑的保护因素;工作岗位为医疗管理(OR=4.37,95%CI:1.13～16.88)、在新冠肺炎防控中采取的预防行为评分越高(OR=1.24,95%CI:1.03～1.50)是一线医务人员发生焦虑的危险因素。结论一线医务人员对新冠肺炎认知程度高,态度积极,自我防范意识强,心理卫生状况较好;但仍需加强对新冠肺炎相关薄弱知识的培训,针对导致焦虑的相关因素采取干预措施,提高一线医务人员心理卫生状况。

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	徐薇薇
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关键词 ：新型冠状病毒肺炎, 医务人员, 认知行为, 心理卫生, 焦虑

Abstract：Objective To investigate the cognition behavior and mental health of medical workers at the front line during COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide a basis for conducting education and training among medical workers and formulating psychological crisis intervention program. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 522 front-line medical workers fighting against COVID-19 from three designated admission hospitals in Zhuhai City to serve as the research subjects. A general information questionnaire, COVID-19 cognitive behavior questionnaire and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to conduct an on-line anonymous self-filling questionnaire survey. Logistic regression model was applied to analyzing the factors influencing mental health status of medical workers at the front line. Results The average scores of COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients and adopting prevention behavior in medical workers at the front line were (10.33±1.19), (13.26±1.63) and (24.69±2.32), respectively. The score of the SAS in the medical workers was (41.87±6.78), and the detection rate of anxiety was 11.10%. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of anxiety among the front-line medical workers with different ages, educational degree, marital status, years of working, attitude towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that educational degree, post, attitude towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients and adopting prevention behavior were independent influencing factors for anxiety. Holding a bachelor's degree (OR=0.320, 95%CI: 0.15-0.70) and having a high score of attitude towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.59-0.97) were protective factors for occurring anxiety in the front-line medical workers, while medical management (OR=4.73, 95%CI:1.13-16.88) and having a high score of adopting prevention behavior in COVID-19 prevention and control (OR=1.24, 95%CI:1.03-1.50) were risk factors for occurring anxiety in the front-line medical workers. Conclusions The front-line medical workers fighting against COVID-19 have a high level of cognition, a positive attitude towards the disease, a strong sense of self-prevention and a good mental health status. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the training of weaknesses about COVID-19 related knowledge, take targeted psychological counseling measures on factors related to anxiety, and improve the front-line medical workers' psychological response capacity.

Key words： coronavirus disease 2019 medical staff cognitive behavior mental health anxiety

收稿日期: 2020-02-04

R749.92

基金资助:深圳市龙岗区2019年度医疗卫生科技计划项目(编号:LGKCYLWS2019000795)

通讯作者: 许小明,E-mail:460921210@qq.com。

作者简介: 徐薇薇(1993-),女,四川人,硕士研究生在读,研究方向:急危重症。

引用本文:

徐薇薇, 许小明, 钟际香, 张文娟, 侯幸岳, 王小丽. 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间一线医务人员认知行为及心理卫生调查[J]. 实用预防医学, 2021, 28(2): 161-165. XU Wei-wei, XU Xiao-ming, ZHONG Ji-xiang, ZHANG Wen-juan, HOU Xing-yue, WANG Xiao-li. Survey on cognitive behavior and mental health of medical professionals at the front line during COVID-19 epidemic. , 2021, 28(2): 161-165.

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https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2021.02.010 或 https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/Y2021/V28/I2/161

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