1. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; 2. Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518100, China
Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factors of hand, foot and mouth (HFMD) among scattered children aged 6-36 months in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City, and to put forward the targeted prevention and control measures. Methods We conducted a 1∶1 matched case-control study. The cases were 6-36 months old children with residential address in Bao’an District and newly-diagnosed with HFMD cases that were reported to the Infectious Disease Reporting and Management System since June 1st, 2019. We randomly selected children aged ± 2 months, same gender, living in the same community and without HFMD/herpangina/fever with rash as controls, and then conducted telephone surveys based on self-made questionnaires. Results We surveyed the case group and the control group (each n=192). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that living with children younger than 5 years of age (OR=4.976, P=0.002), having contact with HFMD patients within 10 days before onset of illness (OR=2.762, P<0.001), exposuring to public playground within 10 days before onset of illness (OR=5.670, P<0.001), and always/often sucking fingers (OR=4.879, P=0.010) were the risk factors, while caregivers’ frequency of washing hands with soap before meals (always/often (OR=0.213, P=0.006)) and children’s hand-washing with soap before meals (always/often OR=0.117, P<0.001) were the protective factors. Conclusions Public playgrounds play important roles for HFMD spreading during epidemic periods in Bao’an District. Improving caregivers’ and children’s hand hygiene and avoiding children’s contact with HFMD patients can reduce the risk of illness. More precautions should be taken by parents’ scattered children living with children aged below 5 years.
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