上海市长宁区外来务工人员艾滋病知识知晓情况和对艾滋病患者态度调查

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2020.07.017

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (780 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要目的了解长宁区外来务工人员对艾滋病知识知晓情况和对艾滋病患者的态度,为有效地在城市外来务工人员中开展艾滋病健康教育提供依据。方法随机抽取长宁区一个建筑工地,所有务工人员作为调查对象。采用匿名自填的方式,进行问卷调查,内容包括社会人口学特征、艾滋病防治核心知识、对艾滋病患者的态度以及国家有关政策的了解。结果艾滋病核心知识总体知晓率为61.40%,知晓程度较高的人群为男性(OR=2.92,95%CI:1.73~4.93)、“有配偶/性伴”(OR=3.19,95%CI:2.08~4.90)、“四川户籍”(与“浙江户籍”相比,OR=2.03,95%CI:1.14~3.59),知晓程度较低的人群为“31~岁”年龄组(与“51~岁”年龄组相比,OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23~0.97)、文化程度为“小学及以下”和“初中”的人群(与“高中及以上”文化程度相比,OR_{小学及以下}=0.50,95%CI:0.27~0.91;OR_初中=0.36,95%CI:0.21~0.61)。对艾滋病的经性、血液、共用针具和母婴主要传播途径知晓率较高,分别为81.16%,88.02%,80.35%和68.49%;对“蚊虫叮咬”、“共用牙刷、剃须刀”,“一起吃饭”和“共用游泳池、浴缸”等与日常生活关系密切的非传播途径存在一定误区,回答正确率分别为30.81%,51.05%,59.77%和43.95%。对艾滋病患者的歧视现象普遍存在,55.70%的对象不愿意和艾滋病患者继续交往,62.33%的对象对艾滋病患者感到恐惧,不同知识知晓程度对患者的歧视程度不同(P＜0.05)。结论外来务工人员对艾滋病防治知识的知晓程度较低,尤其对日常生活接触的非传播途径;对艾滋病患者存在一定程度的歧视。应结合外来务工人员特点,开展针对性宣传,提高知晓率,降低歧视。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王震宇
	倪莹青
	傅洁

关键词 ：外来务工人员, 艾滋病, 知识, 态度

Abstract：Objective To investigate the awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients among migrant workers in Changning district, and to provide evidence for effectively conducting health education about HIV/AIDS among migrant workers. Methods A construction site in Changning district was randomly selected, and all migrant workers in the site served as the surveyed subjects. An anonymous self-completing questionnaire survey was conducted, and the surveyed contents included social demographic characteristics, core knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients and knowing about the related national policies. Results The total awareness rate of HIV/AIDS core knowledge was 61.40%. The groups with a high level of the awareness were men (OR=2.92, 95%CI:1.73-4.93), the married/cohabited (OR=3.19, 95%CI:2.08-4.90) and migrant workers with Sichuan household registration (compared with Zhejiang household registration, OR=2.03, 95%CI:1.14-3.59), whereas the groups with a low level of the awareness were the group aged 31- years (compared with the group aged 51- years, OR=0.47, 95%CI:0.23-0.97), migrant workers with education level of primary school or below and junior middle school (compared with education level of high school or above, OR_{primary school or below}=0.50, 95%CI:0.27-0.91; OR_{junior middle school}=0.36, 95%CI:0.21-0.61). There were higher awareness rates of HIV's main transmission routes through sexual encounter (81.16%), blood (88.02%), needle sharing (80.35%) and mother-to-child (68.49%), but there was misunderstanding about non-transmission routes closely related to daily life, including mosquito biting, toothbrush/razor sharing, eating together, and swimming pool and bathtub sharing, with the correct answer rates being 30.81%, 51.05%, 59.77% and 43.95%, respectively. There was widespread discrimination against HIVAIDS sufferers. 55.70% of the respondents were not willing to contact with HIV/AIDS patients, and 62.33% of the respondents were fear of HIVAIDS sufferers. The respondents with different levels of awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge showed different degrees of discrimination against HIV/AIDS sufferers (P<0.05). Conclusions The awareness rate about HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge in the migrant workers was low, especially in non-transmission routes associated with daily life contact. There was widespread discrimination against HIVAIDS sufferers. We should conduct targeted propaganda based on the characteristics of migrant workers so as to improve the awareness rate and reduce the discrimination.

Key words： migrant workers acquired immunodeficiency syndrome knowledge attitude

收稿日期: 2020-01-17

R512.91

通讯作者: 傅洁,E-mail:hiv@scdc.sh.cn。

作者简介: 王震宇(1978-),男,上海人,本科,主管医师,研究方向:艾滋病性病防治。

引用本文:

王震宇, 倪莹青, 傅洁. 上海市长宁区外来务工人员艾滋病知识知晓情况和对艾滋病患者态度调查[J]. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(7): 829-833. WANG Zhen-yu, NI Ying-qing, FU Jie. Awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS patientsamong migrant workers in Changning district of Shanghai. , 2020, 27(7): 829-833.

链接本文:

https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2020.07.017 或 https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/Y2020/V27/I7/829

[1] 刘娟. 流动人口艾滋病问题及预防干预探讨[J].世界最新医学信息文摘,2017,17(10):184.
[2] 燕纪法,吕相征,梁明修,等. 2008—2014 年中国流动人口艾滋病防治文献计量学分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(4):248-252.
[3] 孙正义,隋宏.流动人口艾滋病预防与控制[J].江苏预防医学,2014,25(1):49-50.
[4] 徐春红,陈斌,吴敏.上海市浦江社区男性外来务工人员艾滋病认知调查[J].社区医学杂志,2012,10(13):51-53.
[5] 陈楚莹,王曼,来学惠,等.中山市三种职业流动人口艾滋病干预调查分析 [J].热带医学杂志,2018,18(11):1529-1531.
[6] 李淑波,李芬,王会松,等.2016—2018年北京市昌平区建筑工地流动人口艾滋病性病监测分析[J].职业与健康,2019,25(24):3378-3380.
[7] 洪亮,张晶,陶静.上海虹口区2011—2015年外来建筑工人艾滋病性病监测[J].健康教育与健康促进,2016,11(5):362-364.
[8] 谭唯,刘少础,赵锦. 深圳市HIV/AIDS病例经异性性传播方式分析[J].实用预防医学,2019,26(12):1409-1411.
[9] 林爱华,王贝贝,沈松英,等.外来务工人员艾滋病知、信、行状况以及健康需求和卫生服务利用调查[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(7):1281-1283.
[10] 张爱莲,董海原,康丽娜,等.山西省 3 类人群艾滋病知识知晓率与歧视态度的对比分析[J].中国社会医学杂志,2012,29(3):172-174.
[11] 石国政, 殷芳兰, 张永,等.某企业外来务工人员艾滋歧视调查[J]. 上海医药, 2013, 34(24):45-47.
[12] 邱红恒,陈小龙,胡旺,等. 中国流动人口HIV感染状况和相关行为特征的累计meta分析[J].南昌大学学报(医学版),2018, 58(5):47-49.
[13] 石国政, 殷芳兰, 吴杰,等.娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋歧视及其对艾滋防治服务依从性的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2011,28(11):713-715.
[14] 李艳玲,张玉成,杨世江,等.德宏州2014年新报告HIV感染者早发现率及影响因素研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2016,30(1):65-66.
[15] Reis RK, Galvao MT, Gir E.Challenges to an effective response for addressing stigma and discrimination related to HIV: From denial of rights to construction of support networks[J]. J Int AIDS Soc,2013,16(1):18931.
[16] 潘超平,黎燕宁.中国艾滋病歧视的挑战及策略[J].中国性科学,2018,27(10):156-157.