Risk factors for strokein high-risk populations of different ages and genders
CHEN Mei-fen1, WANG Su-ying1, FENG Xiao-hong1, HUANG Xu-fang1, JIANG Li-ping2
1. Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China; 2. Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
Abstract:Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of risk factors of stroke in high-risk populations of different ages and genders, and to provide a basis for formulating precise intervention measures. Methods The National Risk Assessment Table of Stroke Screening and Intervention Project was used to investigate 6,445 suburban community residents in Lishui city from January to December 2016. Chi-square test was employed to analyze the distribution characteristics and co-occurrence of risk factors for stroke in high-risk populations of different ages and genders. Results The detection rate of population at high risk of stroke was 21.87%. Risk factors ranked from high to low were hypertension (86.88%), lack of physical exercise (76.38%), overweight or obesity (60.57%), smoking (40.92%), diabetes (33.97%), dyslipidemia (27.52%), atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease (12.27%) and family history of stroke (9.36%). The detection rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight or obesity and lack of physical exercise were higher in females than in males (92.36% vs. 82.95%, χ2=26.65, P<0.001; 30.38% vs. 25.46%, χ2=4.19, P=0.041; 41.26% vs. 28.75%, χ2=23.93, P<0.001; 66.04% vs. 56.64%, χ2=12.70, P<0.001; 79.63% vs. 74.06%, χ2=5.90, P=0.015). The detection rates of hypertension (χ2=36.55, P<0.001), atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease (χ2=76.10, P<0.001) and lack of physical exercise (χ2=84.66, P<0.001) increased with the increasing age. The most common risk factor combination was hypertension + overweight or obesity + lack of physical exercise (33.83%), and the detection rate was higher in populations of different genders and ages. The detection rates of hypertension + overweight or obesity + lack of physical exercise and hypertension + smoking + lack of physical exercise showed an upward trend with the increasing age, while the detection rates of hypertension + dyslipidemia + overweight or obesity and hypertension + dyslipidemia+ lack of physical exercise reflected a downward trend with the increasing age. Conclusions There are age and gender differences in the risk factors in the high-risk population of stroke; and hence, it is necessary to formulate precise interventions according to the characteristics of risk factors in the high-risk population.
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