广州市2011－2018年流感样病例暴发疫情特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2019.11.010

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摘要目的分析了解广州市2011－2018年流感样病例暴发疫情的流行特征,为该市制定流感防控政策提供依据。方法对2011－2018年广州市流感样病例暴发疫情的特征开展三间分布描述及病原谱特征分析。结果 2011－2018年,广州市流感样病例暴发疫情共423起,总体呈上升趋势,疫情主要集中于3-6月(167起,39.48%),和12-1月(175起,41.37%),累计报告数较多的区县为:花都(109例,占25.77%)、从化(49例,占11.58%)和天河(46例,占10.87%)。疫情主要集中在小学(70.92%)和中学(15.37%),。B型流感209起,占49.41%,A(H1N1)pdm09型73起,占17.26%、A(H3N2)型72起,占17.02%,各年流行毒株不一,其中2011－2013年和2016－2017年流感病毒病毒株以B型为主。疫情持续时间与首发病例到介入疫情时间呈正相关,(Spearman相关系数为0.19,P＜0.01)。结论 2011－2018年广州市流感样病例暴发疫情主要集中在3－6月,但2017和2018连续两年的冬季出现第二个暴发疫情高峰,中、小学是高发场所,早期介入疫情有利于缩短疫情持续时间,今后应利用好学校晨检缺勤系统,提高监测的敏感性。

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	陆剑云
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	李铁钢

关键词 ：流感样病例, 暴发疫情, 特征, 分析

Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in Guangzhou city from 2011 to 2018, and to provide a basis for formulating ILI prevention and control policy in Guangzhou city. Methods The distribution features of ILI outbreaks in Guangzhou city from 2011 to 2018 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method based on factors like time, place and people, and the characteristics of pathogen spectrum were also analyzed. Resultss A total of 423 ILI outbreaks were reported in Guangzhou city during 2011-2018, showing an upward trend in general. Most of the outbreaks occurred in March-June (39.48%, 167/423) and December-January (41.37%, 175/423) . More accumulatively-reported ILI cases were found in Huadu district (25.77%, n=109), Conghua district (11.58%, n=49), and Tianhe district (10.87%, n=46). ILI outbreaks mainly occurred in primary schools (70.92%) and middle schools (15.37%) in Guangzhou city. 209 (49.41%) outbreaks were caused by influenza B viruses, 73 (17.26%) outbreaks by influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses and 72 (17.02%) outbreaks by influenza A (H3N2) viruses. The epidemic strains of influenza viruses in 2011-2018 varied continuously, of which influenza B virus was the predominant strain in 2011-2013 and 2016-2017. There was a positive correlation between duration of the epidemics and duration from initial case to epidemic intervention (Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.19, P<0.01). Conclusions Most ILI outbreaks in Guangzhou city from 2011 to 2018 occurred during March-June; however, a second peak of ILI outbreak was observed during the ILI outbreak winter of 2017-2018. Elementary and secondary schools were the high-risk places where ILI outbreaks usually happened. Early intervention is beneficial to shorten the duration of ILI epidemic. We should make good use of the morning check and absenteeism surveillance system to increase the sensitivity of ILI epidemic surveillance.

Key words： influenza-like illness case outbreak characteristic analysis

收稿日期: 2019-02-18

R511.7

基金资助:广州市卫生和计划生育科技项目(20181A011051),广州市医学卫生科技重大项目(2018A031090001)

通讯作者: 李铁钢,E-mail:tiegang1977@126.com。

作者简介: 陆剑云(1985-),男,硕士,副主任医师,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计、公共卫生。

引用本文:

陆剑云, 陈艺韵, 马钰, 刘文辉, 李魁彪, 李铁钢. 广州市2011－2018年流感样病例暴发疫情特征分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(11): 1318-1321. LU Jian-yun, CHEN Yi-yun, MA Yu, LIU Wen-hui, LI Kui-biao, LI Tie-gang. Characteristics of outbreaks of influenza-like illness cases in Guangzhou city, 2011-2018. , 2019, 26(11): 1318-1321.

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