Abstract:Objective To study the levels and distribution characteristics of serum perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in the general population in Wuhan city, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating laws and regulations that govern PFOS and PFOA pollution. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to collect serum samples from adults, who had lived in Wuhan city for over five years and had no occupational exposure history, and children in 2014-2015. The concentration of serum PFOS and PFOA were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software package. Results The detection rates of serum PFOS in the general population in Wuhan city were 75.4% (the children group) and 83.3% (the adult group), respectively, and those of serum PFOA were 80.5% (the children group) and 82.9% (the adult group), respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in the concentration of serum PFOS and PFOA between the urban and rural children groups as well as between the male and female adult groups (both P>0.05). In the urban area, the concentration of serum PFOS of the female adult group (M=2.40 ng/ml, P25=1.58 ng/ml, P75=3.95 ng/ml) was higher than that of the female children group ((M=2.00 ng/ml, P25=0.23 ng/ml, P75=3.20 ng/ml), (Z=-2.565,P=0.010)), but the concentration of serum PFOA of the maleadult group (M=1.80 ng/ml, P25=0.25 ng/ml, P75=5.82 ng/ml) was lower than that of the male children group ((M=3.60 ng/ml, P25=1.13 ng/ml, P75=10.00 ng/ml), (Z=-2.158,P=0.031)). In the rural area, the concentration of serum PFOA of the male adult group (M=1.29 ng/ml, P25=0.05 ng/ml, P75=3.60 ng/ml) was lower than that of the male children group ((M=4.07 ng/ml, P25=0.24 ng/ml, P75=8.34 ng/ml), (Z=-2.820,P=0.005)). The concentration of serum PFOS (M=2.40 ng/ml, P25=1.58 ng/ml, P75=3.95 ng/ml) and PFOA (M=3.30 ng/ml, P25=0.85 ng/ml, P75=6.85 ng/ml) in the urban female adult group was higher than that in the rural female adult group ((M=0.48 ng/ml, P25=0.05 ng/ml, P75=5.02 ng/ml), (Z=-4.316, P<0.001); (M=0.88 ng/ml, P25=0.24 ng/ml, P75=4.05 ng/ml), (Z=-3.639,P<0.001)). There was a positive correlation between serum PFOS and PFOA concentration in the population in Wuhan city. Conclusions Some factors like district, age and physiologic status may lead to differences in the levels of serum PFOS and PFOA of the population. Dietary intake may be the common route exposed to PFOS and PFOA in the population in Wuhan.
刘俊玲, 肖永华, 潘新赟, 何振宇. 武汉市一般人群血清中全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸分布特征[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(9): 1075-1079.
LIU Jun-ling, XIAO Yong-hua, PAN Xin-yun, HE Zheng-yu. Distribution characteristics of serum perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate in the general population in Wuhan city. , 2019, 26(9): 1075-1079.
[1] 李笑. 我国一般人群血清中PFOS和PFOA分布特征及基准值[D]. 大连:大连理工大学,2011. [2] 杨帆, 施致雄. 全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸的人群暴露水平和毒性研究进展[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 2014, 31(8):730-734. [3] 金一和, 丁梅, 瞿成, 等. 长江三峡库区江水和武汉地区地面水中全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸污染现状调查[J].生态环境, 2006, 15(3):486-489. [4] 刘俊玲, 肖永华, 胡迅, 等. 武汉市饮用水中全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸健康风险评价[J]. 卫生研究, 2015, 44(1):135-136. [5] Yeung LW , So MK, Jiang GB, et al. Perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochemicals in human blood samples from China[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40(3):715-720. [6] Zhang T, Wu Q, Sun HW, et al. Perfluorinated compounds in whole blood samples from infants, children and adults in China[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44(11):4341-4347. [7] Zhang W, Li Z, Hu M, et al. Perfluorinated chemicals in blood of residents in Wenzhou, China[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2011, 74(6):1787-1793. [8] Guo F, Zhong Y, Wang Y, et al. Perfluorinated compounds in human blood around Bohai Sea, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 85(2): 156-162. [9] Pan YT, Zhu YS, Zhen TZ, et al. Novel chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates and legacy per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances: placental transfer and relationship with serum albumin and glomerular filtration rate[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2017, 51(1):634-644. [10] Chen FF, Yin SS, Kelly BC, et al. Isomer-specific transplacental transfer of perfluoroalkyl acids:results from a survey of paired maternal, cord sera, and placentas[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2017, 51(10):5756-5763. [11] Zhang T, Sun HW, Qin XL, et al. PFOS and PFOA in paired urine and blood from general adults and pregnant women: assessment of urinary elimination[J]. Environ Sci Pollut R, 2015, 22(7):5572-5579. [12] Bao J, Liu W, Liu L, et al. Perfluorinated compounds in the environment and the blood of residents living near fluorochemical plants in Fuxin, China[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45(19):8075-8080. [13] Olsen GW, Huang HY, Helzlsouer KJ, et al. Historical comparison of perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorooctanoate, and other fluorochemicals in human blood [J]. Environ Health Perspect, 2005, 113(5):539-545. [14] Kärrman A, Mueller JF, van Bavel B, et al. Levels of 12 perfluorinated chemicals in pooled Australian serum, collected 2002-2003, in relation to age, gender, and region[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40(12):3742-3748. [15] Harada K, Saito N, Inoue K, et al. The influence of time, sex and geographic factors on levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate in human serum over the last 25 years[J]. J Occup Health, 2004, 46(2):141-147. [16] Guruge KS, Taniyasu S, Yamashita N, et al. Perfluorinated organic compounds in human blood serum and seminal plasma:a study of urban and rural tea worker populations in Sri Lanka[J]. J Environ Monitor, 2005, 7(4):371-377. [17] Cho CR, Lam NH, Cho BM, et al. Concentration and correlations of perfluoroalkyl substances in whole blood among subjects from three different geographical areas in Korea[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2015, 512-513:397-405.