Abstract：Objective To investigate the level of environmental health risk factors in rural areas of Shaanxi province so as to provide evidence and supports for formulating policies and measures. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 600 administrative villages from 30 counties (districts or cities) in all 10 cities with districts, Shaanxi province in 2017 to serve as the monitoring points. The data concerning general situation of rural areas, garbage and sewage treatment, drinking water, household toilets and feces treatment, biological vector control, environmental hygiene management and soil hygiene were obtained by searching materials, interviews, on-site observation and laboratory detection. Results A total of 600 monitoring points and 3,000 households were surveyed. The proportion of population covered by centralized water supply was 77.87%. The popularizing rate of sanitation toilets in the houses of the residents was 30.31%, and the main treatment of feces was direct fertilization (26.98%). Domestic wastes were optionally piled up in 13.17% of the monitoring points, and landfill disposal was the main method to treat the wastes. Sewage was randomly discharged in 49.83% of the monitoring points. 71.83% of the monitoring points did not carry out the work of eliminating the biological vectors, including fly, mosquito, rat and cockroach. Biological vector breeding sites were identified around ambient environment for 87.70% of the monitoring points. Monitoring sites carrying out environmental hygiene management work accounted for a large proportion. The over-standard ratio of cadmium in soil samples was 25.17%. Conclusions The treatment rates of rural domestic wastes and sewage, the coverage range of treatment plants, the popularization rate of sanitary toilets, the work of vectors controlling, and the content of heavy metals in soil in Shaanxi province in 2017 cannot meet the needs of improving rural environment, and there is still much room for improvement
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2019, Vol. 26 
