Abstract:Objective To investigate the distribution of risk factors in population at high risk for stroke among residents in Jinshan District so as to provide a scientific basis for its specific prevention. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 2,102 permanent residents aged 35 years and above in a community in Jinshan District in September, 2016. General information, past medical history, illness behavior and risk factors were collected through a questionnaire survey; meanwhile, height, weight and blood pressure were measured. The detection rate of high risk population and the exposure rate of risk factors were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results Six hundred and sixty-nine (31.83%) residents at high risk for stroke were detected, including 90 (4.28%) residents with transient ischemic attack or stroke history and 579 (27.55%) residents with ≥ 3 risk factors. The high risk detection rate was higher in males than in females (38.27% vs. 27.32%, χ2=28.09, P<0.001). The high risk detection rate gradually increased with the increasing age ( χ2tendency=41.46, P<0.001). Among 579 residents with ≥3 risk factors, 502 (86.70%) residents had 3 or 4 risk factors simultaneously. The exposure rates of risk factors in the high risk residents were hypertension (90.33%), dyslipidemia (64.59%), overweight (48.53%), lack of exercise (39.38%), diabetes mellitus (39.03%), cigarette smoking (34.72%), family history of stroke (25.04%) and atrial fibrillation (13.82%). The exposure rate of cigarette smoking was significantly higher in males than in females (65.42% vs. 2.82%, χ2=250.25, P<0.001), while the exposure rates of dyslipidemia and atrial fibrillation were higher in females than in males (69.01% vs. 60.34%, χ2=4.76, P=0.029;17.25% vs. 10.85%, χ2=4.94, P=0.026). No statistically significant differences were found in the exposure rates of hypertension(χ2=0.17, P=0.680), overweight (χ2=0.74, P=0.390), lack of exercise (χ2=0.10, P=0.755), diabetes mellitus (χ2=1.93, P=0.165) and family history of stroke (χ2=3.59, P=0.058) between male and female residents. Conclusions The exposure rates of risk factors in residents at high risk for stroke in Jinshan District are high; and hence, effective measures should be taken to control hypertension, dyslipidemia and overweight.
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