Abstract:Objective To evaluate the vaccination status, safety and protective effect of influenza vaccines among children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City from 2020 to 2021. Methods Outpatient children from Pediatric Healthcare Department of Wenzhou People's Hospital from September to December 2020 served as the survey subjects. The vaccination status of 7,053 surveyed children aged 6 months to 14 years was statistically analyzed, and then 500 vaccinated children were selected as the observation group. At the same time, 500 un-vaccinated children were selected as the control group. The adverse reactions and protective effect of the vaccines were observed. Results The vaccination rate of the surveyed children was 7.60% (536/7,053), among which 54.1% (290/536) were fully vaccinated. Among the 500 children of the observation group whoreceived influenza vaccines, the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 3.4%, mainly including fever, pain and redness or swelling at the injection site. After 1 year of follow-up, the difference in the disease risk between the observation group and the control group was 0.43 times, and the protective effect of the vaccines was 62.8% (95%CI:46.2%-74.2%). The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged 6-35 months were 22.2% (95%CI:0%-73.9%) and 59.4% (95%CI:6.3%-82.4%), respectively. The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged 36-59 months were 48.7% (95%CI:5.2%-72.2%) and 79.2% (95%CI:29.9%-93.8%), respectively. The protective effects of partial vaccination and complete vaccination in the group aged 5-14 years were 61.1% (95%CI:4.1%-84.2%) and 79.8% (95%CI:53.7%-91.1%), respectively. Conclusion The influenza vaccination rate in the surveyed children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City from 2020 to 2021 was relatively low, with less complete vaccination. Vaccination is conducive to reducing the incidence rate of influenza, and the protection effect of completing the whole course of immunization is better.
杨映, 张宇, 陈红, 林克武. 2020—2021年度温州市鹿城区儿童流感疫苗应用现状及安全性和保护效果研究[J]. 实用预防医学, 2023, 30(3): 296-299.
YANG Ying, ZHANG Yu, CHEN Hong, LIN Ke-wu. Application status, safety and protective effect of influenza vaccines among children in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City, 2020-2021. , 2023, 30(3): 296-299.
[1] 国家卫生健康委办公厅,国家中医药管理局办公室.流行性感冒诊疗方案(2020年版) [J].中国病毒病杂志,2021,11(1):1-5. [2] 秦强,申昆玲.儿童流感防治进展[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(8):1060-1065. [3] World Health Organization.Vaccines against influenza WHO position paper-November 2012[J].Wkly Epidemiol Rec,2012,87(47):461-476. [4] 周涛,青礼,官林,等.阜阳市≤5岁儿童流行性感冒病例病原学特点及流感疫苗接种现状调查[J].华南预防医学,2021,47(6):718-721,726. [5] Committee on Infectious Diseases. Recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in Children,2020—2021[J]. Pediatrics,2019,146(4):e2020024588. [6] 李岩,韩光跃,姜彩肖,等.2015—2020年流行季河北省0~14岁儿童流感样病例病原学哨点监测[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2021,27(4):410-413. [7] Kkmp EA,Saville AW,Albertin C,et al.Parental hesitancy about routine childhood and influenza vaccinations: a national survey[J]. Pediatrics,2020,146(1):e20193852. [8] 国家免疫规划技术工作组流感疫苗工作组. 中国流感疫苗预防接种技术指南(2020—2021)[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2020,54(10):1035-1059. [9] 冯录召,杨鹏,张涛,等.中国季节性流感疫苗应用技术指南(2014—2015)[J]. 中国流行病学杂志, 2014,35(12):1295-1319. [10] 邹林,谢东德,吴明新,等.佛山市2012—2019年哨点医院儿童流感监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2021,28(4):450-453. [11] 杨孝坤,王蕾,赵宏婷,等.公众流感疫苗认知、接种现状及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2021,28(6):653-657. [12] 邱守芳,张佃翠,杨艳红,等.滨州市2015—2017年5岁以下儿童流感疫苗接种现状调查[J].中国公共卫生管理,2019,35(6):779-781. [13] Wang S,Zheng Y,Jin X,et al.Efficacy and safety of a live attenuated influenza vaccine in Chinese healthy children aged 3-17 years in one study center of a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial,2016 /17 season[J]. Vaccine,2020,38(38):5979-5986. [14] 李光静,申新花,杨艳红,等.山东省滨州市儿童流感疫苗接种率的变化趋势及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2020,28(1):89-92. [15] 衡宇,查亚芳,顾燕妮,等.2018年美国儿童预防接种最新指南解读及其与我国现状比较[J].现代免疫学,2018,38(4):350-353.