摘要目的 了解东港市老年人生命质量状况,并对老年人生命质量影响因素进行分析。方法 2015年5-8月通过分层抽样方法对东港市老年人进行问卷调查,应用健康调查简表(Medical Outcomes Study Short From Health Survey,SF-36)量表对抽取的373名老年人进行健康水平调查,采用克朗巴赫α系数及因子分析方法对量表的信度效度进行评价,采用t检验、方差分析方法对老年人生命质量影响因素进行分析。统计分析软件为SPSS16.0。结果 SF-36量表的克朗巴赫α系数为0.909,因子分析结果表明,因子累积贡献率为70.936%。老年人生理健康(PCS)得分为(70.59±22.54)分,心理健康(MCS)得分为(68.23±19.51)分,统计分析结果显示,睡眠、慢性疾病、年龄、月收入、体育锻炼、精神创伤史及学历因素是老年人生理健康及心理健康的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 SF-36量表在中国老年人生命质量评测中具有较好的信度、效度。提高老年人睡眠质量及经济水平,加强慢性疾病的治疗,并对老年人进行健康教育和心理干预,为其提供体育锻炼的场所和科学指导,可能提高老年人的生命质量。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the status of quality of life among the elderly in Donggang City, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods From May to August, 2015, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 373 senior citizens in Donggang City, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was employed to investigate their health status. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach’s α coefficient and factor analysis. The factors influencing the quality of life of the elderly were assessed by t-test and one-way ANOVA using SPSS 16.0. Results The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the SF-36 was 0.909. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the factor accumulation contribution rate was 70.936%. The physical health score and psychological health score were (70.59±22.54) and (68.23±19.51) respectively. The factors influencing the senior citizens’ physical and psychological health were sleep, chronic diseases, age, monthly income, physical exercise, history of trauma and education background, and the influence was statistically significant (all P<0.01). Conclusions SF-36 is reliable and valid in the assessment of the quality of life of Chinese elderly. Improving the senior citizens’ quality of sleep and economic level, strengthening the treatment of chronic diseases, conducting health education and psychological intervention and providing sports place and scientific guidance may improve their quality of life.
王东博, 王子琪, 曲波, 闵霞, 朱亚鑫. 东港市老年人生命质量影响因素研究[J]. 实用预防医学, 2017, 24(10): 1165-1167.
WANG Dong-bo, WANG Zi-qi, QU Bo, MIN Xia, ZHU Ya-xin. Factors influencing quality of life among the elderly in Donggang City. , 2017, 24(10): 1165-1167.
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2017, Vol. 24 
