2004-2014年玉溪市传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2016.07.012

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摘要目的了解玉溪市传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2004-2014年玉溪市网络直报系统中突发公共卫生事件报告数据构成比、罹患率、病死率及发病趋势进行分析。结果 2004-2014年玉溪市共报告传染病突发公共卫生事件131起,报告病例4 683例,死亡10例,罹患率5.23%(4 683/89 494),病死率为0.21%(10/4 683)。其中未分级事件20起,占15.27%;一般级别事件110起,占83.97%,较大事件1起,占0.76%,无重大、特别重大事件。事件类别以丙类传染病事件为主,共102起(77.86%),发病3 610例,甲、乙、丙类和其他类传染病事件之间罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ²=1 077.75,P=0.000);传播途径以呼吸道传染病为主,共报告67起(51.14%),发病3 708例,各传播途径之间罹患率总体差异有统计学意义(χ²=282.99,P=0.001);报高发病高峰在9-12月,11月最高;学校是突发公共卫生事件的高发场所,共发生102起(77.86%);农村、乡镇、城市之间罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ²=348.99, P=0.000)。结论 2004-2014年玉溪市传染病突发公共卫生事件发生频繁,形势不容乐观,在今后一个时期内仍是卫生应急的重点, 加强学校各类传染病疫情的预防与控制是减少玉溪市传染病突发公共卫生事件的关键。

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	杨汝松
	洪艳丽
	倪兆林
	刘红雁
	张红强
	吴强

关键词 ：传染病, 突发公共卫生事件, 流行特征, 卫生应急

Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in Yuxi City in 2004-2014, and provide reference for their prevention and control strategies. 　　Methods The constituition ratio, attack rate , case fatality rate and incidence trend of public health emergencies of　　infectious diseases reported in 2004-2014 in Yuxi City were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. 　　Results A total of 131 public health emergencies were reported in Yuxi City, 2004-2014. 4,683 cases were involved and ten deaths were reported. The attack rate was 5.23% (4,683/89,494), and case fatality rate was 0.21% (10/4,683). 20 (15.27%) unrated events, 110 (83.97%) general events, 1(0.76%) large event and no significant and special events were reported. Priority was given to Class C infectious disease events, for which 102 events (accounting for 77.86%) and 3,610 cases were reported. The attack rates of Class A, B, C and other infectious diseases were significantly different (χ²=1077.75, P=0.000). The main transmission route was through respiratory tract (67 events, accounting for 51.14%, 3,708 cases involved). The attack rates differred significantly among various transimission routes(χ²=282.99,P=0.001). The annual incidence peak was during September and December, with the highest incidence in November. School was the place with high incidence, and a total of 102 events (accounting for 77.86%) were reported. The attack rate was significantly different among rural areas, towns and cities (χ²=348.99, P=0.000). 　　Conclusions Public health emergencies of infectious diseases occur frequently in Yuxi City, 2004-2014, and the situation is not optimistic. Strengthening the prevention and control of various infectious diseases in school is the key to reduce their incidence.

Key words： Infection diseases Public health emergencies Epidemiological characteristics Health emergency

收稿日期: 2015-11-30

R181.3

基金资助:玉溪市卫生局科研项目(2010-45)

通讯作者: 吴强,E-mail:ynyxwq1968@163.com。

作者简介: 杨汝松(1976-),男, 玉溪江川人,本科学历,主管医师,主要从事传染病预防控制工作。

引用本文:

杨汝松, 洪艳丽, 倪兆林, 刘红雁, 张红强, 吴强. 2004-2014年玉溪市传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2016, 23(7): 808-811. YANG Ru-song, HONG Yan-li, NI Zhao-lin, LIU Hong-yan, ZHANG Hong-qiang, WU Qiang. Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in Yuxi City, 2004-2014. , 2016, 23(7): 808-811.

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https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2016.07.012 或 https://www.syyfyx.com/CN/Y2016/V23/I7/808

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