Epidemic situation and epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis based on infectious disease surveillance system
XIONG Zi1, BAI Li-qiong2, XIE Ci-fu1, WANG Xiao-jun1, ZHANG Xi-xing1, SONG Li-xin1, XU Zu-hui2
1. Changsha Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan 410001, China; 2. Hunan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
Abstract：Objective To explore the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changsha City from 2011 to 2020. Methods A retrospective analysis was used in this study. The reported incidence information of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changsha City from 2011 to 2020 was extracted from the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The time, region, age, gender and occupation distribution features and epidemic trend of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 48,587 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Changsha City during 2011-2020, with the annual average reported incidence rate being 62.94/100,000 (56.44/100,000-84.34/100,000). A total of 18,455 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive etiology were reported, with the annual average reported incidence rate of 23.91/100,000 (19.91/100,000-28.88/100,000).A total of 251 cases with rifampicin resistance were reported in 2017-2020, and the annual average incidence rate of rifampin resistance was 0.81/100,000 (0.61/100,000-0.85/100,000). The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changsha City in 2011-2020 showed a general downward trend (Z=32.4355, P=0.001), with the annual decline rate of 4.36%. Region distribution displayed that the top three regions were Liuyang City, Ningxiang City and Wangcheng District, and the annual average incidence rates were 79.98/100,000, 79.31/100,000 and 67.80/100,000, respectively. Gender distribution presented that most of the cases were males. The annual average reported incidence rates in males and females were 87.92/100,000 and 39.71/100,000, respectively. The annual average decline rates in males and females were 5.38% and 2.47%, respectively. Age distribution revealed that the annual average reported incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis in the age groups < 15 years, 15- years and ≥ 65 years were 2.04/100,000, 62.31/100,000 and 150.19/100,000, respectively. Occupation distribution indicated that the majority of the caseswere farmers, followed by houseworkers, the unemployed and the retired. The incidence and proportion of students increased significantly, with the proportion reaching the fourth place in 2020 (5.64%). Conclusion The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Changsha City in 2011-2020 showed a steady downward trend. We should further strengthen prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis among the key populations like rural residents, students and the elderly aged 65 years and above.
2022, Vol. 29 
