Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among population at Yichang surveillance sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, 2004-2016
Abstract：Objective To explore the incidence trends and epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases among population in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGRA) during the impounding period and operating period. Methods We collected the data concerning notifiable infectious diseases and demography at Yichang surveillance sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 2004-2016. Descriptive epidemiology methods were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases. Results After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir, there were 6,892 cases of infectious diseases accumulatively reported at Yichang surveillance sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 2004-2016. The annual average incidence rate was 565.20/100,000, and the reported incidence rate showed an increasing tendency (χ2=215.88, P<0.001). The top three infectious diseases during the impounding period were pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis B and other infectious diarrhea, while those during the operating period were hepatitis B, pulmonary tuberculosis and hand, foot and mouth disease. The cases occurring during the impounding period were mainly respiratory infectious diseases, while those occurring during the operating period were mainly blood and sexually transmitted diseases. The sex ratio of male and female cases was 1.61:1. The incidence rate showed a statistically significant difference between the two genders(χ2=314.06, P<0.001), and the sex ratios of the age groups of 35-< 80 years increased. The reported cases of infectious diseases occurred most often in the age groups of 0-<5 and 45-<60 years. The cases of Class B infectious diseases were mainly farmers, and the cases of Class C infectious diseases students, scattered children and farmers. Conclusions The reported incidence rates of notifiable infectious diseases at Yichang surveillance sites in the Three Gorges Reservoir area during 2004-2016 showed an upward tendency. It is necessary to formulate and perfect prevention and control strategies based on the epidemiological features, the priority diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B and hand, foot and mouth disease and the target population in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
2018, Vol. 25 
