Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of influenza A and avian influenza through monitoring the pathogens of cases of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP), and to provide a scientific basis for prediction and control of influenza and avian influenza. Methods SCAP samples were collected from a sentinel hospital, the largest comprehensive hospital, in Huizhou City. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to detect the pathogens of influenza A and avian influenza in SCAP cases. Results A total of 652 SCAP samples were collected and detected from January 2013 to December 2017. The SCAP cases were mainly children under 5 years old and the elderly aged 60 years and above. The epidemic of the SCAP cases peaked in January-March and December, which were consistent with the positive rate of influenza A. Among the 652 SCAP cases, 123 (18.86%) cases were positive for influenza A virus, and influenza subtype A (H1N1) pdm09 was the most common, amounting to 85 (69.11%) cases. The positive rate of influenza A was found to be the highest in the age groups of under 5 years and 60 years and above, and there were statistically significant differences in the positive rate among different age groups (χ2=24.379,P=0.002). Totally 9 cases of avian influenza were detected, and most cases occurred in people aged 50-60 years. Female cases were more than male ones, and most of the cases occurred in February. The virus sequence of the first H7N9 case was highly homologous to the domestic virus in the same period. Conclusions The prevalence of SCAP in Huizhou City during 2013-2017 showed an obvious seasonality. Most of the SCAP cases were children under 5 years old and the elderly aged 60 years and above, and the positive rate of influenza A was also the highest among these groups. Implementing vaccination among the above-mentioned groups in the flu season can effectively prevent SCAP induced by influenza, and conducting surveillance of pathogens of influenza A and avian influenza in SCAP cases can detect cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in time, which has a good guiding significance for early warning and management of avian influenza.
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2018, Vol. 25 
