Epidemiological characteristics of rabies and factors influencing its incubation period in Hubei Province, 2017-2021
LI Tingting1, JIAO Lanxing2, ZHANG Lixin3, LUO Jinjun4
1. Wuhan Social Work Polytechnic, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China; 2. Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; 3. Wuhan Kanglu Medical Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430073, China; 4. Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Hubei Province, and to provide a basis for developing strategies for rabies prevention and control. Methods We collected the surveillance data of rabies and summary forms of rabies post-exposure management in clinics in Hubei Province during 2017-2021, and analyzed the distribution features of rabies epidemics in Hubei Province during this period by using descriptive epidemiological method. SPSS25.0 software was employed to perform Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, and factors influencing the incubation period of rabies were analyzed. Results The rabies epidemics in Hubei Province in 2017-2021 continued to decline. Rabies cases were mainlydistributed in northwest and central-eastern parts of Hubei Province, and occurred mostly in summer, autumn and winter. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.86:1, and the majority of the cases were farmers. The cases were reported in all age groups, the incidence curve was unimodal, and the peak was mainly concentrated in middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old. Analysis on 76 cases of rabies revealed that the main biting animals were dogs (89.47%), the degree of exposure were mainly degree Ⅲ (57.89%), and the vaccination rate after exposure was only 9.21%. Exposure degree, wound management, treatment method (suture treatment) and rabies vaccination were the related factors affecting the incubation period (P<0.05). Conclusion The rabies epidemics in Hubei Province during 2017-2021 continued to decrease. We need to strengthen the publicity and education among middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas, improve the standard level of management of rabies exposure in clinics, and strive to achieve the goal of zero human rabies death by 2030 in Hubei Province.
李婷婷, 焦兰星, 张丽新, 骆金俊. 2017—2021年湖北省狂犬病流行特征及潜伏期影响因素分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2023, 30(9): 1078-1082.
LI Tingting, JIAO Lanxing, ZHANG Lixin, LUO Jinjun. Epidemiological characteristics of rabies and factors influencing its incubation period in Hubei Province, 2017-2021. , 2023, 30(9): 1078-1082.
2023, Vol. 30 
