2012—2021年台州市椒江区手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2023.06.013

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摘要目的了解2012—2021年浙江省台州市椒江区手足口病流行病学特征和时空聚集性分布,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过查询中国疾病预防控制信息系统的监测报告管理子系统收集椒江区2012—2021年发病的手足口病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,绘图应用Rstudio软件。Satscan软件用于时空扫描分析,Arc Map软件完成时空聚集性地图的绘制。结果 2012—2021年椒江区共报告手足口病16 479例,年均发病率为240.99/10万,其中2018年发病率最高,为739.77/10万;2020年发病率最低,为68.85/10万,无重症和死亡病例。发病存在明显季节性,发病人数以5—7月份最多。男性年均发病率高于女性,发病年龄以≤5岁儿童为主:发病构成比前5的年龄段分别为1岁~、2岁~、3岁~、4岁~、0岁~年龄组;人群分类以散居儿童为主,其次为托幼儿童。地区分布中,葭沚街道年均报告发病率最高、大陈镇最低。回顾性时空扫描探测到2018年的2个聚集区:一类聚集区出现在5—8月的洪家、下陈、葭沚和三甲街道(P<0.001);二级聚集区出现在5—9月的海门、白云、前所街道(P<0.001)。EV71构成比呈现下降趋势,其他肠道病毒为主要优势病原。结论 2012—2021年椒江区手足口病以≤5岁散居儿童多见,有明显夏季的发病高峰和时空聚集性,主导病原发生改变,应加强高发地区和人群的健康教育和疾病监测工作。

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	罗永军
	郭聪聪
	贯长辉

关键词 ：手足口病, 流行病学特征, 时空扫描分析, 病原学

Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering distribution of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Jiaojiang District of Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2012 to 2021, and to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods We collected about HFMD cases in Jiaojiang District from 2012 to 2021 by querying the Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System, one subsystem of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System,analyzedthe databy descriptive epidemiological method, andplotted by using RStudio software. Spatiotemporal scanning analysis was performed by SaTScan software. Mapping and visualizing spatiotemporal aggregation were carried out with ArcGIS. Results A total of 16,479 HFMD cases were reported in Jiaojiang District from 2012 to 2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 240.99/100,000, of which the incidence rate in 2018 was the highest (739.77/100,000), while the incidence rate was in 2020 was the lowest (68.85/100,000). There was no severe and death case. The HFMD incidence exhibited a notable seasonality, with peak cases from May to July. The average annual incidence rate was higher in males than in females, and the cases consisted largely of children aged ≤5 years. The top five age groups of incidence ratio were 1-year-old-, 2-year-old-, 3-year-old-, 4-year-old- and 0-year-old- respectively. Most of the cases were scattered children, followed by kindergarten children. In the regional distribution, Jiazhi Street had the highest average annual reported incidence rate, whereas Dachen Town had the lowest one. Two clusters were detected by retrospective spatiotemporal scanning. The primary cluster was distributed in Hongjia, Xiachen, Jiazhi and Sanjia streets from May to August (P<0.001), while the second cluster was distributed in Haimen, Baiyun and Qiansuo streets from May to September (P<0.001). Thecomposition ratio of EV71 virus showed a downward trend, and other enteroviruses were the most dominated pathogens. Conclusion From 2012 to 2021, HFMD was prevalent in scattered children aged ≤ 5 years in Jiaojiang District, with obvious peak incidence in summer and spatiotemporal aggregation, and the leading pathogens had changed. Health education and disease monitoring in high incidence areas and populations should be strengthened.

Key words： hand, foot and mouth disease epidemiological characteristic spatiotemporal scanning analysis etiology

收稿日期: 2022-07-25

:	R725.1
	R181.3

作者简介: 罗永军(1981-),男,台州人,副主任医师,主要从事疾病预防控制工作。

引用本文:

罗永军, 郭聪聪, 贯长辉. 2012—2021年台州市椒江区手足口病流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2023, 30(6): 700-703. LUO Yong-jun, GUO Cong-cong, GUAN Chang-hui. Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hand, foot andmouth disease in Jiaojiang District of Taizhou City, 2012-2021. , 2023, 30(6): 700-703.

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