大气污染对学龄前儿童DNA损伤的影响

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摘要目的探讨大气污染对学龄前儿童DNA损伤的影响. 方法分别于2014年11月30日和2015年6月30日在长沙市和海口市收集学龄前儿童口颊细胞进行微核试验,分析其微核率.并与空气质量指数(AQI)进行相关性分析.结果长沙市2014年11月(冬季)和2015年6月(夏季)空气质量指数(AQI)分别为98.4±55.3和51.6±12.1,差异有统计学意义(t=2.711, P<0.01).海口市的AQI分别为40.8±13.6和25.1±12.8,差异有统计学意义(t=2.153,P<0.05).长沙市夏季和冬季AQI均高于海口市,差异有统计学意义(t=2.276, P<0.05; t=2.903, P<0.01).长沙市学龄前儿童冬季和夏季微核试验的微核率(%)分别为2.91±1.98和1.85±1.52,差异有统计学意义(t=2.305, P<0.05);海口市学龄前儿童冬季和夏季微核试验的微核率(%)分别为1.92±0.74和1.71±1.33,差异无统计学意义(t=1.356, P>0.05);长沙市学龄前儿童冬季和夏季的微核试验的微核率均高于海口市,但是仅在冬季的差异具有统计学意义(t=2.107, P<0.05).口颊细胞微核试验微核率与大气污染程度AQI呈正相关(r=0.811,P=0.000).结论不同地区,同一地区不同季节,学龄前儿童的微核率存在差异,大气污染可能是造成学龄前儿童DNA损伤主要原因.

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	徐东宬
	邹拓谜
	陆世杰
	宋娜娜
	朱燕

关键词 ：大气污染, 学龄前儿童, 口颊细胞, 微核试验

Abstract：ObjectiveTo study the effect of ambient air pollution on DNA damage of preschool children. MethodsBuccal epithelial cells of fifty preschool children in Changsha and Haikou were collected in November 30, 2014 and June 30, 2015, respectively. Buccal micronucleus assay was used to determine the micronucleus frequency and analyze the correlation between air quality index (AQI) and micronucleus frequency. Results The air quality index (AQI) of Changsha in winter and summer were 98.4±55.3 and 51.6±12.1, respectively. The differences had statistical significance (t=2.711, P<0.01). In Haikou, the air quality index (AQI) of Changsha in winter and summer were 40.8±13.6 and 25.1±12.8, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between winter and summer (t=2.153,P<0.05). The micronucleus frequencies (%) of preschool children in Changsha in winter and summer were 2.91±1.98 and 1.85±1.52, respectively. The differences between them existed statistical significance (t=2.305, P<0.05). In Haikou, the micronucleus frequencies (%) of preschool children in winter and summer were 1.92±0.74 and 1.71±1.33, respectively. However, no statistical difference was found between winter and summer (t=1.356, P>0.05). The micronucleus frequencies both winter and summer in Changsha were higher than that in Haikou, while statistical differences were only found in winter. The micronucleus frequencies (%) of preschool children were positively correlated with the AQI (r=0.811,P=0.000). ConclusionsThis study showed a high micronucleus frequency in preschool children living in a town with heavy air pollution in winter and summer, higher than usually found among preschool children living in areas with low or medium-high levels of air pollution. It was suggested that air pollution might be the main cause of DNA damage of preschool children.

Key words： Ambient air pollution Preschool children Buccal epithelial cells Micronucleus assay

基金资助:基金项目:国家自然科学基金(No; 81273002)

通讯作者: 朱燕,博士,讲师.研究方向:DNA损伤与修复.

引用本文:

徐东宬, 邹拓谜, 陆世杰, 宋娜娜, 朱燕. 大气污染对学龄前儿童DNA损伤的影响[J]. 实用预防医学, 2016, 23(2): 181-183. XU Dong-cheng, ZOU Tuo-mi, LU Shi-jie, Song Na-na, ZHU Yan. Effect of ambient air pollution on DNA damage of preschool children. , 2016, 23(2): 181-183.

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