Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth diseasein Sichuan Province, 2015-2020
KANG Dian-ju1, SILANG Gema2, CHENG Xiu-wei1, ZHANG Yao1, LAN Ying1
1. Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; 2. Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kangding, Sichuan 626000, China
Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to statistically analyze the surveillance data of HFMD in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020. Results A total of 520,147 HFMD cases were cumulatively reported in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020, including 1,759 severe cases and 38 deaths. The incidence rate of HFMD in Sichuan Province during 2015-2020 fluctuated, with an average annual incidence rate of 104.82/100,000. The incidence rates of HFMD in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2017 and in 2019 showed an obvious double peak (occurring in April-July and October-December). The incidence rates of HFMD in 2018 and 2020 showed a single peak, which occurred in July-November and October-December, respectively. Most of the cases were children aged 5 years and below, and the male to female ratio was 1.38:1. The top five cities with high incidence were Chengdu City (221.25/100,000), Meishan City (145.51/100,000), Deyang City (115.52/100,000), Ya’an City (108.02/100,000) and Suining City (100.56/100,000). A total of 44,410 laboratory confirmed cases were reported, of which other enteroviruses, CoxA16 and EV71 accounted for 65.53%, 22.35% and 12.12%, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020 showed an upward trend, and the prevention and control pressure gradually increased. The majority of HFMD cases in Sichuan Province were children under 5 years old, and the incidence was higher in Chengdu and its surrounding areas as well as northeast region of Sichuan. The compositionof species of dominantpathogen had changed, and the proportion of other enterovirues gradually increased. Hence pathogenic surveillance also needs to be adjusted.