Nutritional status and its influencing factors among preschoolers aged 1-4 years in Xi'an city
MU Bin1, LIU Wei-dong2, WANG Feng1
1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 700001, China; 2. University Hospital, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shanxi 710055, China
Abstract：Objective To investigate the nutritional status of preschool children aged 1-4 years in Xi'an city, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional investigation and random cluster sampling method were used to select 6 districts/counties in Xi'an city, and preschoolers aged 1-4 years chosen in 3 communities and community kindergartens of each district/county served as the research subjects. Physical development evaluation and a questionnaire survey were conducted, and multifactor logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting the preschoolers' growth and development. Results Among the 7,907 preschoolers surveyed, 303 were malnourished, and the prevalence rate of malnutrition was 3.83%. Multifactor analysis showed that the risk factors for malnutrition in the preschoolers were preterm birth (OR=1.629, P=0.001), low birth weight (OR=1.632, P=0.001), frequent snacks (OR=1.495, P=0.005), favoring sweet drinks (OR=1.529, P=0.004) and puffed food (OR=1.478, P=0.008), dietary bias and selective eating (OR=1.561, P=0.002), slow eating (OR=1.501, P=0.004) and sleep time ≤10 hours per day (OR=1.369, P=0.028), whereas the protective factors were only breastfeeding within six months (OR=0.707, P=0.028), daily milk amount > 500 ml (OR=0.704, P=0.027), reasonable supplement of complementary food (OR=0.694, P=0.019) and regular nutrition monitoring (OR=0.728, P=0.041). Conclusions Actively conducting propaganda and popularization of nutritional knowledge, advocating scientific and reasonable diet structure, correcting the unhealthy eating habits and regularly monitoring nutritional status are the effective ways to prevent malnutrition of preschoolers.
穆斌, 刘卫东, 王枫. 西安市1～4岁学龄前幼儿营养状况及影响因素分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(5): 572-575.
MU Bin, LIU Wei-dong, WANG Feng. Nutritional status and its influencing factors among preschoolers aged 1-4 years in Xi'an city. , 2020, 27(5): 572-575.
2020, Vol. 27 
