Abstract：Objective To investigate the main dietary consumption of residents in Nanjing and the cadmium content in food sold in markets, and to preliminarily evaluate the health risk of residents exposed to cadmium via the diet. Methods We monitored the cadmium content in 1,181 samples from 10 categories of food in the city from 2013 to 2016. Based on the survey of dietary consumption of residents in Nanjing in 2012, the method of dietary exposure point assessment of chemical pollutants in food was used to preliminarily evaluate the exposure risk of cadmium in the main food among residents in Nanjing. Results Among the food sold in markets, the cadmium content was found to be higher in tea, flour, bacteria and algae, aquatic products and animal viscera, with the medians of 0.0300 mg/kg, 0.0249 mg/kg, 0.0203 mg/kg, 0.0285 mg/kg and 0.0327 mg/kg, respectively. The average cadmium content of leaf vegetables was the highest (with the median of 0.0100 mg/kg), while the cadmium content of fresh fruit and livestock meat was the lowest (with the medians of 0.0003 mg/kg and 0.0024 mg/kg, respectively). The average monthly cadmium dietary exposure in the residents was 0.0087 mg/(kg·bw), accounting for 34.6% of provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). When the dietary intake was P50, the monthly cadmium dietary exposure was 0.0027 mg/(kg·bw), accounting for 10.8% of PTWI. When the dietary intake was P90, the monthly cadmium dietary exposure was 0.0188 mg/(kg·bw), accounting for 75.0% of PTWI. Rice, bacteria and algae, vegetables and aquatic products were the main sources of cadmium intake. Cadmium intake from cereals, vegetables and aquatic products accounted for 35.91%, 13.98% and 19.10% of cadmium dietary exposure (when dietary intake was P90), respectively.According to the percentage of PTMI,the average value of monthly cadmium dietary exposurewas found to be the highest in the group aged 6-17 years (45.3%), followed by the groups aged 18-44 years (36.0%), 45-60 years (34.4%) and above 60 years (32.2%). Conclusions The level of dietary exposure to cadmium in Nanjing residents is generally safe, but it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of cadmium content in food and control cadmium pollution from the sources so as to reduce the cadmium exposure level in the diet of residents.
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2019, Vol. 26 
