Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, the occurrence and spread causes and the protective efficacy of varicella vaccine in a chickenpox outbreak in a school. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological features of the outbreak. Retrospective cohort study was carried out to discuss the epidemic factors and protective efficacy of varicella vaccine in the outbreak. Results The overall attack rate of the outbreak was 5.03% (110/2,188). 27 classes from 4 grades were involved in the outbreak, and the attack rates of the third (6.48%, (43/664)) and fourth (5.61% (31/553)) grades were higher. The outbreak lasted for 4 months, with 7 incidence peaks. The attack rate of students who had lunch break at noon child-care centers(7.01%, 69/984)was higher than those who had lunch break at home(4.18%, 41/981),witha statistically significant difference (χ2=7.46, P=0.0063; RR=1.68, 95%CI1.16-2.44). 91.82%(101/110)of patients in the outbreak were varicella break cases. The overallvaccination rate of varicella in the students was 83.09% (1,818/2,188), and 223 students had ever suffered from chickenpox before the outbreak. The protective efficacy of varicellavaccine before this outbreak was 75.51%(RR=0.25, 95%CI0.19-0.32), while the protective efficacy of the vaccine during the outbreak was 33.50%(RR=0.67, 95%CI0.35-1.29). Conclusions It is necessary to standardize the management of noon child-care centers inside and outside the school so as to prevent the epidemic from spreading across the classes. The protective efficacy of one-dose varicella vaccine in the outbreak is poor; and hence, emergency varicella vaccination should be carried out.
旷翠萍, 林喜乐, 庄辉元, 刘卫民, 陈戊申, 陈伟红. 一起学校水痘暴发疫情的流行因素及疫苗保护效果调查[J]. 实用预防医学, 2017, 24(6): 699-701.
KUANG Cui-ping, LIN Xi-le, ZHUANG Hui-yuan, LIU Wei-min, CHEN Wu-shen, CHEN Wei-hong. Epidemic factors and protective efficacy of vaccine in an outbreak of varicella in a school. , 2017, 24(6): 699-701.
2017, Vol. 24 
