Abstract：Objective To study the sentinel surveillance results of influenza in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021, and to analyze the epidemic characteristics and rules of influenza etiology among children so as to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in children. Methods We collected nasopharyngeal swab samples from cases of children with influenza-like illness (ILI) in eight sentinel hospitals in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture from 2016 to 2021. Fluorescent PCR method was used for influenza virus nucleic acid detection, and then influenza surveillance data and etiological detection data were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2021, the percentage of children with ILI (ILI%) in the total number of outpatient and emergency visits (ILI%) was 1.14%-3.30%, and the percentage of ILI visits showed a decreasing trend year by year, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=1,064.593, P<0.05). The total positive rate of influenza surveillance in the children was 6.13%, showing a statistically significant difference in different years (χ2=373.929, P<0.001). In 2016-2017, influenza strains were prevalent together, and there was no absolute dominant strain. H1N1 subtype was the dominant influenza strain in 2018. B (Victoria) replaced H1N1 subtype as the epidemic strain in 2019, and no influenza virus positive strain wasdetected from February 2020 to July 2021. The infection rate of influenza virus in the children was found to be the highest in winter and spring, showing a statistically significant difference in different months (χ2=610.308, P<0.001). The infection rate of influenza virus in children aged 5- years was the highest, with a statistically significant difference among different age groups (χ2=138.186, P<0.001). As a whole, the infection rate of influenza virus was lower in boys than in girls, without a statistically significant difference (χ2=0.088, P>0.05). Conclusion Influenza A (H3N2), H1N1 subtype and B type were prevalent alternately among the children in EnshiAutonomous Prefecture during 2016-2021. The visiting rate of ILI and the incidence rate of influenza showed a downward trend as a whole. The dominant strains of influenza virus changed alternately and displayed certain rules. Influenza in the children is mainly prevalent in winter and spring, with the obvious seasonality.
解书润, 刘继华, 何晓宏. 2016—2021年湖北省恩施州儿童流感哨点监测病原学特征分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2024, 31(1): 1-3.
XIE Shurun, LIU Jihua, HE Xiaohong. Etiological characteristics of sentinel surveillance of influenza among children in Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province, 2016-2021. , 2024, 31(1): 1-3.
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