2015年长春市某高校医学生功能性消化不良现况调查及影响因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3110.2019.01.005

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摘要目的了解长春市某高校在校本科医学生功能性消化不良的患病现况及影响因素,为制定有针对性防治策略提供科学依据。方法 2015年9－11月采用分层随机抽样方法,对长春市某高校抽取的1 024名本科医学生采用成人功能性胃肠病国际罗马Ⅲ诊断性问卷、自制调查问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行面对面调查,并利用logistic回归分析方法探讨其相关的因素,利用秩和检验分析生活方式与功能性消化不良症状的关系。结果功能性消化不良检出71人,患病率为6.9%,其中61人为餐后不适综合征,未筛检出上腹痛综合征者。性别为女性(OR=11.016, 95%CI:3.416~35.529)和就业压力(OR=1.980, 95%CI:1.176~3.335)是功能性消化不良的独立危险因素,餐后30 min后卧位是保护因素。其中,餐后立位者患FD的危险性是餐后30 min后卧位者的3.745倍(OR=3.745, 95%CI:1.033~13.577),餐后坐位者患FD的危险性是餐后30 min后卧位者的3.818倍(OR=3.818, 95%CI:1.154~12.633),餐后即卧位者患FD的危险性是餐后30 min后卧位者的4.362倍(OR=4.362, 95%CI:1.201~15.839)。暴饮暴食者(Z=2.230,P=0.026)发生餐后饱胀不适症状的频率高;少于6 h的睡眠时间者(Z=2.115,P=0.034)发生早饱症状的频率高;失眠者(Z=3.142,P=0.002)、抑郁者(Z=2.351,P=0.019)以及因学习和工作压力被迫熬夜者(Z=2.813,P=0.005)发生上腹痛或上腹烧灼感症状的频率高。结论长春市某高校在校本科医学生功能性消化不良患病率较高,受性别、就业压力、餐后习惯体位等因素的影响,而FD患者相关症状的发生频率也与饮食习惯、睡眠质量、心理抑郁等因素密切相关。

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	石凡超
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	蔡炜
	王长聪
	姚燕
	夏爱

关键词 ：功能性消化不良, 医学生, 影响因素, 现况研究

Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) and its influencing factors among medical undergraduates in a university in Changchun City in 2015, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies against FD. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 1,024 medical undergraduates from a university in Changchun City from September to November in 2015. Roman Ⅲ functional gastrointestinal disease diagnostic criteria, self-designed questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were employed to conduct a face-to-face interview. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing FD, and the relationship between lifestyle and FD-related symptoms was analyzed by rank-sum test. Results Seventy-one undergraduates were detected to suffer from FD, with the prevalence rate of 6.9%. Among them, 61 patients had postprandial distress syndrome, but no one suffered from epigastric pain syndrome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=11.016, 95%CI:3.416-35.529) and employment pressure (OR=1.980, 95%CI:1.176-3.335) were the independent risk factors for FD, while choosing a lying down position half an hour after a meal was the protective factor. Undergraduates who kept standing, kept sitting and kept lying right after a meal were respectively 3.745 (OR=3.745, 95%CI:1.033-13.577), 3.818 (OR=3.818, 95%CI:1.154-12.633) and 4.362 (OR=4.362, 95%CI:1.201-15.839) times more likely to develop FD than those who kept a lying down position half an hour after a meal. The undergraduates who were crapulent (Z=2.230, P=0.026) showed a high frequency of postprandial fullness discomfort, the ones who slept less than six hours a night (Z=2.115, P=0.034) showed a high frequency of early satiety, and the ones who suffered from insomnia (Z=3.142, P=0.002) and depression (Z=2.351, P=0.019) and tended to stay up caused by study or work pressure (Z=2.813, P=0.005) showed a high frequency of epigastric pain or epigastric burning sensation. Conclusions The prevalence of FD among the medical undergraduates in a university in Changchun City in 2015 was high, which was influenced by gender, employment pressure, postprandial habitual posture and other factors. The frequencies of FD-related symptoms among the patients were closely associated with eating habits, quality of sleep and depression.

Key words： functional dyspepsia medical undergraduate influencing factor cross-sectional study

收稿日期: 2017-12-20

R573

基金资助:中华医学会项目(S2016131430);吉林大学大学生创新创业训练计划国家级项目(2015721030)

通讯作者: 夏爱, E-mail:236513528@qq.com。

作者简介: 石凡超(1995-),女,江苏省镇江市人,本科生在读,研究方向:预防医学。

引用本文:

石凡超, 安澜, 付梅花, 蔡炜, 王长聪, 姚燕, 夏爱. 2015年长春市某高校医学生功能性消化不良现况调查及影响因素分析[J]. 实用预防医学, 2019, 26(1): 17-21. SHI Fan-chao, AN Lan, FU Mei-hua, CAI Wei, WANG Chang-cong, YAO Yan, XIA Ai. Current status of functional dyspepsia and its influencing factors among medical students in a university in Changchun City, 2015. , 2019, 26(1): 17-21.

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