Abstract:The period of children and adolescents is the key phase for the development of psychology and behavior in one’s life. Children and adolescents are gradually mature in mind and self-consciousness in this phase, with enhanced self-awareness, and they are in a period of drastic changes in moral consciousness and values. With the development of information technology and the popularization of convenient smartphones, the way of surfing the Internet on smartphones is more and more popular among teenagers. Smartphones bring many conveniences to children and adolescents; meanwhile, the physical and mental harm or potential harm caused by their problematic use is also increasingly prominent, and children’s and adolescents’ psychological and behavioral problems may further promote problematic smartphone use. This study reviews the relevant literatures on problematic smartphone use and adolescents’ psychological behavior published in recent years, the status quo of problematic smartphone use and its influence on adolescents’ psychological behavior and the related interventions.
朱现玉, 王承敏, 王训强. 智能手机问题性使用与儿童青少年心理行为问题[J]. 实用预防医学, 2023, 30(8): 1021-1025.
ZHU Xianyu, WANG Chengmin, WANG Xunqiang. Problematic smartphone use and psychological and behavioral problems in children and adolescents. , 2023, 30(8): 1021-1025.
[1] 中国互联网络信息中心. 第49次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R/OL]. (2022-02-25) [2022-11-14]. http://www.cnnic.net.cn/NMediaFile/old_attach/P020220721404263787858.pdf. [2] Odgers CL, Jensen MR. Adolescent development and growing divides in the digital age[J]. Dialogues Clin Neuro, 2020, 22(2):143-149. [3] De-Sola Gutiérrez J, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Rubio G. Cell-phone addiction: a review[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2016, 7:175. [4] Panova T, Carbonell X. Is smartphone addiction really an addiction?[J]. J Behav Addict, 2018, 7(2):252-259. [5] Billieux J, Maurage P, Lopez-Fernandez O, et al. Can disordered mobile phone use be considered a behavioral addiction? An update on current evidence and a comprehensive model for future research[J]. Curr Addict Rep, 2015, 2(2):156-162. [6] 刘岳衡, 龙江, Billieux J, 等. 大学生智能手机问题性使用状况及与焦虑和抑郁情绪关系的初步研究[J].中华精神科杂志, 2017, 50(4):270-275. [7] Sahu M,Gandhi S,Sharma MK. Mobile phone addiction among children and adolescents: a systematic review[J]. J Addict Nurs, 2019, 30(4):261-268. [8] Sohn SY, Rees P, Wildridge B, et al. Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the evidence[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2019, 19(1):356. [9] Cheung MC, Lai JSK, Yip J. Influences of smartphone and computer use on health-related quality of life of early adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(4):2100. [10] Mustafaoglu R, Yasaci Z, Zirek E, et al. The relationship between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal pain prevalence among young population: a cross-sectional study[J]. Korean J Pain,2021, 34(1):72-81. [11] Alotaibi MS,Fox M,Coman R,et al. Smartphone addiction prevalence and its association on academic performance, physical health, and mental well-being among university students in Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Saudi Arabia[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 , 19(6):3710. [12] Hashmi AM, Naz S, Ali AA, et al. Smart phones and medical students: pleasant distraction or dangerous addiction?[J]. J Pak Med Assoc, 2019 , 69(12):1891-1895. [13] 田莹, 赵小娟. 南阳市南召县农村留守中学生智能手机成瘾和焦虑状况调查[J]. 实用预防医学, 2021, 28(7):870-873. [14] Pereira FS,Bevilacqua GG,Coimbra DR,et al. Impact of problematic smartphone use on mental health of adolescent students: association with mood, symptoms of depression, and physical activity[J]. Cyberpsych Beh Soc N, 2020, 23(9):619-626. [15] Coyne SM, Stockdale L, Summers K. Problematic cell phone use, depression, anxiety, and self-regulation: evidence from a three year longitudinal study from adolescence to emerging adulthood[J]. Comput Human Behav, 2019, 96:78-84. [16] Ivanova A,Gorbaniuk O,Blachnio A,et al. Mobile phone addiction, phubbing, and depression among men and women: a moderated mediation analysis[J]. Psychiatr Q, 2020, 91(3):655-668. [17] Gorday JY, Bardeen JR. Problematic smartphone use influences the relationship between experiential avoidance and anxiety[J]. Cyberpsych Beh Soc N, 2022, 25(1):72-76. [18] Rho MJ, Park J, Na E, et al. Types of problematic smartphone use based on psychiatric symptoms[J]. Psychiatry Res,2019,275:46-52. [19] Pera A. The psychology of addictive smartphone behavior in young adults: problematic use, social anxiety, and depressive stress[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2020, 11:573473. [20] Elhai JD, Dvorak RD, Levine JC, et al. Problematic smartphone use: a conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology[J]. J Affect Disord, 2017, 207:251-259. [21] Yuan G, Elhai JD, Hall BJ. The influence of depressive symptoms and fear of missing out on severity of problematic smartphone use and Internet gaming disorder among Chinese young adults: a three-wave mediation model[J]. Addict Behav, 2021, 112:106648. [22] Augner C, Vlasak T, Aichhorn W, et al. The association between problematic smartphone use and symptoms of anxiety and depression-a meta-analysis[J/OL]. J Public Health(Oxf), 2021, fdab350. (2021-09-28) [2022-11-14]. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab350. [23] Elhai JD, Yang H, Fang J, et al. Depression and anxiety symptoms are related to problematic smartphone use severity in Chinese young adults: fear of missing out as a mediator[J]. Addict Behav, 2020, 101:105962. [24] Eide TA,Aarestad SH,Andreassen CS,et al. Smartphone restriction and its effffect on subjective withdrawal related scores[J]. Front Psychol, 2018, 9:1444. [25] Kim HR, Han MA. Associations between problematic smartphone use, unhealthy behaviors, and mental health status in Korean adolescents: based on data from the 13th Korea youth risk behavior survey (2017)[J]. Psychiatry Invest, 2020, 17(12):1216-1225. [26] Jo S, Baek IC, Fava M, et al. Association of smartphone overuse with depression, anxiety, and other addictive behaviors: a nationwide community sample of Korean adults[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2021,304:114133. [27] Jeong SH,Kim H,Yum JY,et al. What type of contentare smartphone users addicted to?: SNS vs.games[J]. Comput Hum Behav, 2016, 54:10-17. [28] Grant JE, Lust K, Chamberlain SR. Problematic smartphone use associated with greater alcohol consumption, mental health issues, poorer academic performance, and impulsivity[J]. J Behav Addict, 2019, 8(2):335-342. [29] Kil N, Kim J, McDaniel JT, et al. Examining associations between smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and mental health outcomes: a cross-sectional study of college students[J]. Health Promot Perspect, 2021, 11(1):36-44. [30] Li D,Yang R,Wan Y,et al. Interaction of health literacy and problematic mobile phone use and their impact on non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019, 16(13):2366. [31] Arrivillaga C,Rey L,Extremera N. Adolescents’ problematic Internet and smartphone use is related to suicide ideation: does emotional intelligence make a difference?[J]. Comput Hum Behav, 2020, 110:106375. [32] Kim H,Cho MK,Ko H,et al.Association between smartphone usage and mental health in South Korean adolescents: the 2017 Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey[J]. Korean J Fam Med, 2020, 41(2):98-104. [33] Woo KS, Bong SH, Choi TY, et al. Mental health, smartphone use type, and screen time among adolescents in South Korea[J]. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2021, 14:1419-1428. [34] Kim SY,Han S,Park EJ,et al. The relationship between smartphone overuse and sleep in younger children: a prospective cohort study[J]. J Clin Sleep Med, 2020, 16(7):1133-1139. [35] Kaya F, Bostanci Dastan N, Durar E. Smart phone usage, sleep quality and depression in university students[J]. Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2021, 67(5):407-414. [36] Huang Q, Li Y, Huang S, et al. Smartphone use and sleep quality in Chinese college students: a preliminary study[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2020, 11:352. [37] Abi-Jaoude E, Naylor KT, Pignatiello A. Smartphones, social media use and youth mental health[J]. CMAJ, 2020, 192(6):E136-E141. [38] Shoval D, Tal N, Tzischinsky O. Relationship of smartphone use at night with sleep quality and psychological well-being among healthy students: a pilot study[J]. Sleep Health, 2020, 6(4):495-497. [39] Dissing AS,Andersen TO,Nørup LN,et al. Daytime and nighttime smartphone use: a study of associations between multidimensional smartphone behaviours and sleep among 24,856 Danish adults[J]. J Sleep Res, 2021, 30(6):e13356. [40] Vernon L, Modecki KL, Barber BL. Mobile phones in the bedroom: trajectories of sleep habits and subsequent adolescent psychosocial development[J]. Child Dev, 2018, 89(1):66-77. [41] Chang FC,Chiu CH,Chen PH,et al. Smartphone addiction and victimization predicts sleep problems and depression among children[J]. J Pediatr Nurs, 2022, 64:e24-e31. [42] Brailovskaia J, Delveaux J, John J, et al. Finding the “sweet spot” of smartphone use: reduction or abstinence to increase well-being and healthy lifestyle? An experimental intervention study[J]. J Exp Psychol Appl, 2022, 29(1):149-161. [43] Lee FK,Zelman DC. Boredom proneness as a predictor of depression, anxiety and stress: the moderating effects of dispositional mindfulness[J]. Personal Individ Differ, 2019, 146:68-75. [44] Cheng SS,Zhang CQ,Wu JQ. Mindfulness and smartphone addiction before going to sleep among college students: the mediating roles of self-control and rumination[J].Clocks Sleep, 2020, 2(3):354-363. [45] Choi EH, Chun MY, Lee I, et al. The effect of mind subtraction meditation intervention on smartphone addiction and the psychological wellbeing among adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(9):3263. [46] Auhuber L, Vogel M, Grafe N, et al. Leisure activities of healthy children and adolescents[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019,16(12):2078. [47] Xiao T, Jiao C, Yao J, et al. Effects of basketball and Baduanjin exercise interventions on problematic smartphone use and mental health among college students: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Evid-Based Compl Alt, 2021, 8880716. [48] 赵玉霞,郝艳红,静香芝. 运动结合团体心理辅导对大学生手机成瘾的干预效果评价[J]. 中国学校卫生,2021, 42(4):556-559,564. [49] Vuorre M,Orben A,Przybylski AK. There is no evidence that associations between adolescents’ digital technology engagement and mental health problems have increased[J]. Clin Psychol Sci, 2021, 9(5):823-835. [50] Adorjan M, Ricciardelli R. Smartphone and social media addiction: exploring the perceptions and experiences of Canadian teenagers[J]. Can Rev Sociol, 2021,58(1):45-64.