Abstract：Objective To investigate the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viral infections caused by common respiratory viruses in patients in Hunan Children’s hospital during 2016-2018. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from outpatients and inpatients with acute respiratory tract infections in Hunan Children’s hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. Direct immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the antigens of seven respiratory viruses, including parainfluenza virus type 1-3 (PIV 1-3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B (Flu A, B), and adenovirus (ADV). The case information was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 53,851 cases were collected and detected, and the total positive detection rate was 23.25% (12,519/53,851). The positive detection rates of PIV1, PIV2, PIV3, RSV, Flu A, Flu B and ADV were 0.68%, 0.10%, 5.63%, 13.44%, 1.51%, 0.74% and 1.15%, respectively. The positive detection rate of RSV was the highest (χ2=23,427.78, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the positive detection rates of the seven respiratory viruses in different years (χ2=196.21, P<0.001). The total positive detection rate was the highest in winter, but the lowest in summer. The positive detection rates of RSV and PIV3 fluctuated greatly with time, and had obvious seasonality. The younger the age, the higher the total positive detection rate. The positive detection rate of the age group of 0-1 year was found to be the highest (29.93%). The total positive detection rate of the seven respiratory viruses and the positive detection rate of RSV were both higher in males than in females (P=0.003, P=0.013), but no gender difference was observed in the positive rates of other respiratory viruses (P>0.05). Conclusions Statistically significant differences were observed in the positive detection rates of the seven respiratory viruses in the children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2016-2018. The positive detection rates of the seven respiratory viruses in different years, seasons, ages and genders also showed differences. This study is conducive to clinical diagnosis and development of measures for infection prevention.
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2020, Vol. 27 
