1 Shenzhen centre for disease control and prevention, Guangdong Province 518055, China; 2 Shenzhen Louhu centre for disease control and prevention, Guangdong Province 518020, China
Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the HIV/AIDS patients HIV stigma in Shenzhen, and to explore the correlations between self-report symptoms and the patients HIV stigma, thus provide the clue for HIV stigma intervention. Methods353 HIV/AIDS patients were randomly sampled from 5 districts and a fixed point treatment hospital in Shenzhen, Berger-HIV stigma scale, SCL-90 and social support scale were used in HIV/AIDS patients for psychological measurement, self-made questionnaire were investigated for the purpose of general demographic information and the features of the HIV/AIDS disease. ResultsThe average total score of Berge stigma is 109.41 ±16.55 in HIV/AIDS patients of Shenzhen, stronger correlations were found in the two dimension (concerns public attitude and negative self image) in Berger stigma scale with three factors of SCL-90 (psychosis, paranoia, interpersonal sensitive) (R>0.400, P= 0.000). Multiple linear regression model showed that social support ( =-0.260), type of disease (HIV or AIDS) ( =-0.111) and the degree of education (=0.111) effected with HIV stigma scores holding statistical significance (P<0.05). ConclusionThe dimensions HIV stigma (concern of public attitude, negative self image) can activate the expression of a series of internal negative emotion and cognition (e.g., doubt, vigilance and other psychotic symptoms and paranoid), negative emotion and cognition expression may lead to negative behaviors (interpersonal relationship sensitive, negative image management). The results suggest that positive emotion and cognition mode and social support may be effective intervention measures to patients with HIV stigma.
[1] Goffman E. Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity[Z]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1963: 1~10[J]. [2] Anderson M, Elam G, Gerver S, et al. HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: accounts of HIV-positive Caribbean people in the United Kingdom[J]. Soc Sci Med. 2008, 67(5): 790-798. [3] Liu J X, Choi K. Experiences of social discrimination among men who have sex with men in Shanghai, China[J]. AIDS Behav. 2006, 10(4 Suppl): S25-S33. [4] Frable D E, Platt L, Hoey S. Concealable stigmas and positive self-perceptions: feeling better around similar others[J]. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998, 74(4): 909-922. [5] Berger B E, Ferrans C E, Lashley F R. Measuring stigma in people with HIV: psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale[J]. Res Nurs Health. 2001, 24(6): 518-529. [6] Jeyaseelan L, Kumar S, Mohanraj R, et al. Assessing HIV/AIDS stigma in south India: validation and abridgement of the Berger HIV Stigma scale[J]. AIDS Behav. 2013, 17(1): 434-443. [7] 李现红, 何国平, 王红红. 艾滋病羞辱和歧视的概念及研究工具发展状况[J]. 心理科学进展. 2009(02): 414-420. [8] 陈树林, 李凌江. SCL-90信度效度检验和常模的再比较[J]. 中国神经精神疾病杂志. 2003(05): 323-327. [9] 童辉杰. SCL-90量表及其常模20年变迁之研究[J]. 心理科学. 2010(04): 928-930. [10] 刘恒, 张建新. 我国中学生症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定结果分析[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志. 2004(02): 88-90. [11] 唐开宏, 张理义. 中国军人社会支持量表的研制及其信效度检验[J]. 解放军医学杂志. 2013(01): 69-72. [12] 肖水源. 《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J]. 临床精神医学杂志. 1994(02): 98-100. [13] 刘继文, 李富业, 连玉龙. 社会支持评定量表的信度效度研究[J]. 新疆医科大学学报. 2008(01): 1-3. [14] 郭翠萍. 大学生社会支持、人际信任及自我和谐的关系研究[D]. 哈尔滨师范大学, 2011. [15] 张万方, 张建华, 唐小平, et al. 荔湾区HIV感染者/AIDS患者生存质量与相关耻辱调查[J]. 广州医药. 2009(04): 53-55. [16] Buseh A G, Kelber S T, Stevens P E, et al. Relationship of symptoms, perceived health, and stigma with quality of life among urban HIV-infected African American men[J]. Public Health Nurs. 2008, 25(5): 409-419. [17] Pachankis J E. The psychological implications of concealing a stigma: a cognitive-affective-behavioral model[J]. Psychol Bull. 2007, 133(2): 328-345. [18] Major B, O'Brien L T. The social psychology of stigma[J]. Annu Rev Psychol. 2005, 56: 393-421. [19] Brown L, Macintyre K, Trujillo L. Interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: what have we learned?[J]. AIDS Educ Prev. 2003, 15(1): 49-69. [20] Heijnders M, Van Der Meij S. The fight against stigma: an overview of stigma-reduction strategies and interventions[J]. Psychol Health Med. 2006, 11(3): 353-363. [21] Thornicroft G, Brohan E, Rose D, et al. Global pattern of experienced and anticipated discrimination against people with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional survey[J]. Lancet. 2009, 373(9661): 408-415. [22] Heijnders M, Van Der Meij S. The fight against stigma: an overview of stigma-reduction strategies and interventions[J]. Psychol Health Med. 2006, 11(3): 353-363. [23] 张修明,陈鹏.健康教育提升外出农民工人群艾滋病防治知识效果研究[J].实用预防医学.2011,18(5):810-812. [24] Brown L, Macintyre K, Trujillo L. Interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: what have we learned?[J]. AIDS Educ Prev. 2003, 15(1): 49-69. [25] 栾兴玉,吴音,程彬et al.重庆市某三甲医院医务人员消除艾滋病歧视调查及干预[J].实用预防医学2012,19(6):942-944.
2015, Vol. 22 
