Epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection in Songjiang district, Shanghai
YAO Xia-jing1, ZHANG Qing-hui1, ZHANG Feng2, WU Jia-jin1, LIU ling1, GUO Xiao-qin1
1. Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201620, China; 2. Fangta Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, China
Abstract:Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic bacteria spectrum of hospitalized adults with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Songjiang district, Shanghai so as to explore a syndromic surveillance system for new and emerging infectious diseases. Methods We collected the surveillance data regarding 372 hospitalized adults with SARI in a sentinel hospital in Songjiang district, Shanghai from January 2017 to March 2018. According to the hospitalized adults with or without infection with influenza viruses, they were divided into the influenza group and the non-influenza group, and then the epidemiological and etiological characteristics were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 372 hospitalized cases of SARI were enrolled in this study.The hospitalization rate of SARI cases was 4.15%, showing two peaks distributed in winter and summer. Fever, cough and expectoration were the most common clinical symptoms among all SARI cases, and pneumonia was the most common complication (48.66%). All the cases had no history of receipt of a vaccine against pneumonia. There were 80 SARI cases detected in the influenza group, and the positive detection rate of influenza viruses was 21.5%, of which influenza viruses were dominated by influenza A (56.25%). The positive detection rate of other pathogens in the non-influenza group was 16.3%, and enterovirus/rhinovirus was the most commonly identified (28.3%). The proportion of the elderly in the influenza group was the highest, showing a statistically significant difference (χ2=15.68,P<0.05). The use rate of antibiotics was higher in the influenza group than in the non-influenza group (P<0.05), with a statistically significant difference (χ2=27.73,P<0.05). The incidence rate of respiratory failure was higher in the non-influenza group than in the influenza group, showing a statistically significant difference (χ2=7.829,P<0.05).Conclusions Conducting surveillance of adult SARI cases is not only an exploration and practice on syndromic surveillance system for new and emerging infectious diseases, but also of great significance for understanding the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of adult SARS. The results suggest that we should improve the coverage rate of vaccine against pneumonia in the elderly and the clinical use of antiviral drugs for influenza patients.