Correlation of dietary patterns with emotional and behavioral problems among preschoolers in Wuhu City
ZHANG An-hui1, Zhu Min1, WANG You-ling1, XU Meng-juan2, HE Hai-yan1, CHEN Chen1
1.Wuhu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; 2.Maternal & Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center of Yijiang District, Wuhu, Anhui 241003, China
Abstract：Objective To describe the dietary patterns in preschoolers, and to explore their correlation with emotional and behavioral problems. Methods A total of 1,912 preschoolers aged 3-6 years were selected from nine kindergartens in Wuhu City in May, 2015. A self-designed food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate the preschoolers’ dietary patterns, the parental version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess their emotional and behavioral problems, and binary unconditioned Logistic regression model to analyze the association of different dietary patterns with emotional and behavioral problems in the preschoolers. Results The total incidence rate of emotional and behavioral problems in the preschoolers in Wuhu City was 51%. Four dietary patterns were identified in the preschoolers, and the data showed that the total variance was 48.23%. The incidence rate of emotional and behavioral problems was significantly higher in preschoolers of high-score group with processed-food and snack dietary pattern than in ones of middle-score group (χ2=10.247, P<0.001). The incidence rate of emotional and behavioral problems was significantly lower in preschoolers of high- and middle-score groups with healthy and nutritional dietary pattern than in ones of low-score group (P<0.012,5). The incidence rate of emotional and behavioral problems was lower in preschoolers with a proper intake of coarse grain and bean products in comparison with ones with a small amount of intake of the above-mentioned food (χ2=9.364,P=0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate of emotional and behavioral problems among high-, middle- and low-score groups with egg and milk dietary pattern (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that healthy and nutritional dietary pattern (OR=0.635, 95%CI:0.481-0.839) and a proper intake of coarse grain and bean products(OR=0.734,95%CI:0.592-0.910) were protective factors of emotional and behavioral problems among the preschoolers, but processed-food and snack dietary pattern (OR=1.522, 95%CI:1.126-2.056) could increase the risk of occurrence of emotional and behavioral problems. Conclusions Dietary patterns are closely related to the preschoolers’ emotion and behavior. Healthy and nutritional dietary pattern and a proper intake of coarse grain and bean products are conducive to the preschoolers’ mental health.
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2019, Vol. 26 
