Abstract：Objective To explore the mechanism of polysaccharide purified from Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) formulation on proliferation and anti-apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell lines. Methods The inhibitory effect of polysaccharide purified from BCG formulation on cell growth of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1, SW1990 and primary cells was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis rates. Results The inhibitory rates of PANC-1, SW1990 and primary cell proliferation were respectively (9.53±0.82)%, (10.02±0.95)%, (9.08±0.78)% in the high-concentration group of purified polysaccharide from BCG formulation, (8.84±0.77)%, (9.62±0.95)%, (8.18±0.71)% in the medium-concentration group, and (5.72±0.48)%, (6.48±0.48)%, (5.06±0.44)% in the low-concentration group, which were all significantly higher than those of the blank control group ((3.92±0.28)%, (4.72±0.40)%, (2.91±0.26)%) and BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid group ((4.82±0.48)%, (5.46±0.46)%, (4.22±0.38)%). The inhibitory rates of PANC-1, SW1990 and primary cell proliferation in the group of purified polysaccharide combined with gemcitabine (GEM) were (16.54±1.56)%, (18.28±1.86)% and (15.88±1.92)% respectively, which were superior to those of GEM or purified polysaccharide alone group as well as those of BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid plus GEM group ((13.82±1.42)%, (14.88±1.72)%, (12.32±1.18)%), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The apoptosis rates of PANC-1, SW1990 and primary cell proliferation were significantly higher in the groups of high-, medium- and low-concentration of purified polysaccharide than in the blank control group and BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid group. The apoptosis rates of PANC-1, SW1990 and primary cell in the group of purified polysaccharide combined with GEM were superior to those of GEM or purified polysaccharide alone group as well as those of BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid plus GEM group, showing statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions The purified polysaccharide from BCG formulation has an anti-tumor effect prevailing against that of BCG-polysaccharide nucleic acid. The efficacy is more remarkable when it is combined with GEM.
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2018, Vol. 25 
