Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis and the trend of serogroup switching ofNeisseria meningitidesstrains in Hunan Province so as to provide a scientific basis for developing its prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological features of meningococcal meningitis in Hunan Province from 1951 to 2016. And Excel 2007 was employed to analyze the data relative to Neisseria meningitides strains obtained from the monitoring during 2008-2016. Results Three epidemiological peaks could be seen respectively in 1959, 1967 and 1977 in the meningococcal meningitis epidemics in Hunan Province during 1951-2016. The incidence rateshad beendramatically lowered since the widespread use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPV) in the 1980s, and no outbreaks or periodicepidemics occurred. After implementing the national Expanded Programme on Immunization, the epidemic situation of meningococcal meningitis in Hunan Province got effective control. In recent ten years, the prevalence rates were at historic lows. The proportion ofNeisseria meningitidis serogroup C strains isolated from meningococcal meningitis cases and the case-close-contacts during 2008-2013 was significantly higher than those of serogroup B and W135 strains, and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A strain was not detected,suggesting that serogroup C strain had already replaced serogroup A strain and become the priority strain in Hunan Province. However, its priority had been weakened by continuously increasing proportions of serogroup B and W135 strains since 2014. Conclusions The prevalence rate of meningococcal meningitis in Hunan Province has been maintaining a low level. The prevalent strain of Neisseria meningitides is switching toward a diversification of serogroup.
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