摘要目的 了解婴儿睡眠卫生教育对产妇睡眠质量、产后抑郁、睡眠认知和睡眠养育行为的影响。 方法 选择在重庆市妇幼保健院接受系统儿童保健1月龄婴儿的600名产妇作为调查对象,随机分成两组。干预组从婴儿第1月龄开始接受每个月1次的婴儿睡眠卫生健康教育(共5次),包括婴儿睡眠教育宣传页、20 min小讲课、一对一睡眠咨询指导以及电话网络咨询服务。对照组每月定期接受的儿童保健指导。在婴儿1月龄和6月龄时,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、婴儿睡眠健康知识和养育行为问卷对两组产妇进行睡眠质量、抑郁状况、睡眠认知和睡眠养育行为评价。 结果 两组产妇干预前的一般情况、PSQI分值、抑郁状况、睡眠认知和养育行为状况无明显差异(均P<0.05)。干预后:(1)干预组产妇睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍等评分及PSQI总分均低于对照组(均P<0.05);(2)两组产妇的抑郁评分无明显差异(t=0.851,P=0.397);(3)睡眠认知方面:干预组认为孕期情绪对儿童睡眠有影响的产妇比例(60.90% vs. 51.69%)、孕期睡眠状况对儿童的睡眠影响的比例(60.53% vs. 49.58%)、睡眠光线对儿童睡眠有影响的比例(59.77% vs. 47.03%)、认为应采取仰卧或侧卧睡眠姿势的比例(75.94% vs. 61.02%)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);(4)睡眠养育行为方面:干预组产妇在睡眠养育行为如孩子独睡比例(30.08% vs. 22.03%)、不喂夜奶比例(40.23% vs. 27.97%)、夜间睡眠期间安抚不抱比例(42.48% vs. 29.66%)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。 结论 婴儿睡眠卫生健康教育有效促进了产妇的睡眠质量,改善了睡眠认知和部分睡眠养育行为。
Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of infant sleep hygiene education on maternal sleep quality, postpartum depression, sleep cognition and sleep parenting behaviors. Methods Six hundred postpartum women who had a baby aged one month and received systematic management of child health care in Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected as the survey subjects, and then randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received infant sleep health education once a month (five times in total) from the first month of age, including infant sleep education leaflet, 20-minute lecture, one-to-one sleep counseling guidance and telephone and Internet counseling services. The control group received regular monthly child care instruction. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and infant sleep health knowledge and parenting behavior questionnaire were used to evaluate sleep quality, depression status, sleep cognition and sleep parenting behaviors among the postpartum women at their infants aged one month and six months. Results No statistically significant differences were found in general condition, PSQI score, depression, sleep cognition and parenting behaviors before the intervention between the two groups (all P<0.05). After the intervention, the scores of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder and the total score of PSQI were all lower in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the maternal depression scores between the two groups (t=0.851, P=0.397). The proportions of postpartum women believing infant sleep affected by mood during pregnancy (60.90% vs. 51.69%), pregnancy sleep condition (60.53% vs. 49.58%) and external light during sleeping (59.77% vs. 47.03%), and thinking they should sleep on their back or side (75.94% vs. 61.02%) were all higher in the intervention group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The proportions of maternal sleep parenting behaviors, including having their child sleeping alone (30.08% vs. 22.03%), not feeding night milk (40.23% vs. 27.97%) and placating but not cradling during the night sleep (42.48% vs. 29.66%), were all higher in the intervention group than in the control group, showing statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions Infant sleep hygiene education effectively promotes maternal sleep quality and improves sleep cognition and partial sleep parenting behaviors.
李正, 叶亚, 周文正, 王念蓉. 婴儿睡眠卫生教育对产妇睡眠质量和睡眠知信行的影响[J]. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(1): 25-29.
LI Zheng, YE Ya, ZHOU Wen-zheng, WANG Nian-rong. Effect of infant sleep hygiene education on maternal sleep quality and sleep knowledge, attitude and practice. , 2020, 27(1): 25-29.
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